X-Git-Url: https://git.madduck.net/code/vcsh.git/blobdiff_plain/4e39f4417b0dfd04020ee63be37040ed114727c8..4f6ad732e3d62523eef96dedf63179cdaf54f3ed:/README.md?ds=inline diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 41997d5..41167e7 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -1,31 +1,46 @@ -vcsh - manage config files in $HOME via fake bare git repositories +vcsh - Version Control System for $HOME - multiple Git repositories in $HOME -# Index # -1. Contact -2. Introduction -3. Overview -4. Getting Started -5. Usage +# Index -# 1 Contact # +1. [30 second howto](#30-second-howto) +2. [Introduction](#introduction) +3. [Usage Exmaples](#usage-examples) +4. [Overview](#overview) +5. [Getting Started](#getting-started) +6. [Contact](#contact) -There are several ways to get in touch with the author and a small but committed -community around the general idea of version controlling your (digital) life. -* IRC: #vcs-home on irc.oftc.net +# 30 second howto -* Mailing list: [http://lists.madduck.net/listinfo/vcs-home][vcs-home-list] +While it may appear that there's an overwhelming amount of documentation and +while the explanation of the concepts behind `vcsh` needs to touch a few gory +details of `git` internals, getting started with `vcsh` is extremely simple. -* Pull requests or issues on [https://github.com/RichiH/vcsh][vcsh] +Let's say you want to version control your `vim` configuration: + + vcsh init vim + vcsh vim add ~/.vimrc ~/.vim + vcsh vim commit -m 'Initial commit of my Vim configuration' + # optionally push your files to a remote + vcsh vim remote add origin + vcsh vim push -u origin master + # from now on you can push additional commits like this + vcsh vim push -# 2 Introduction # +If all that looks a _lot_ like standard `git`, that's no coincidence; it's +a design feature. -[vcsh][vcsh] allows you to maintain several git repositories in one single + +# Introduction + +[vcsh][vcsh] allows you to maintain several Git repositories in one single directory. They all maintain their working trees without clobbering each other -or interfering otherwise. By default, all git repositories maintained via -`vcsh` are stored in `$HOME` but you can override this setting if you want to. -All that means that you can have one repository per application or application +or interfering otherwise. By default, all Git repositories maintained via +`vcsh` store the actual files in `$HOME` but you can override this setting if +you want to. + +All this means that you can have one repository per application or application family, i.e. `zsh`, `vim`, `ssh`, etc. This, in turn, allows you to clone custom sets of configurations onto different machines or even for different users; picking and mixing which configurations you want to use where. @@ -33,48 +48,92 @@ For example, you may not need to have your `mplayer` configuration on a server or available to root and you may want to maintain different configuration for `ssh` on your personal and your work machines. -`vcsh` was designed with [mr][mr] in mind so you might want to install that, as -well. +A lot of modern UNIX-based systems offer packages for `vcsh`. In case yours +does not read `INSTALL.md` for install instructions or `PACKAGING.md` to create +a package, yourself. If you do end up packaging `vcsh` please let us know so we +can give you your own packaging branch in the upstream repository. -Read `INSTALL.md` and `PACKAGING` for instructions specific to your operating -system. +## Talks -The following overview will try to give you an idea of the use cases and -advantages of `vcsh`. See sections 3 and 4 for detailed instructions and -examples. +Some people found it useful to look at slides and videos explaining how `vcsh` +works instead of working through the docs. +All slides, videos, and further information can be found +[on the author's talk page][talks]. -## 2.1 Talks ## -Some people found it useful to look at slides and videos explaining how `vcsh` -works. -They can all be found [on the author's talk page][talks]. +# Usage Examples + +There are three different ways to interact with `vcsh` repositories; this +section will only show the simplest and easiest way. -# 3 Overview +Certain more advanced use cases require the other two ways, but don't worry +about this for now. If you never even bother playing with the other two +modes you will still be fine. -## 3.1 Comparison to Other Solutions ## +`vcsh enter` and `vcsh run` will be covered in later sections. + + +| Task | Command | +| ----------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | +| _Initialize a new repository called "vim"_ | `vcsh init vim` | +| _Clone an existing repository_ | `vcsh clone ` | +| _Add files to repository "vim"_ | `vcsh vim add ~/.vimrc ~/.vim` | +| | `vcsh vim commit -m 'Update Vim configuration'` | +| _Add a remote for repository "vim"_ | `vcsh vim remote add origin ` | +| | `vcsh vim push origin master:master` | +| | `vcsh vim branch --track master origin/master` | +| _Push to remote of repository "vim"_ | `vcsh vim push` | +| _Pull from remote of repository "vim"_ | `vcsh vim pull` | +| _Show status of changed files in all repositories_ | `vcsh status` | +| _Pull from all repositories_ | `vcsh pull` | +| _Push to all repositories_ | `vcsh push` | + + +# Overview + +## From zero to vcsh + +You put a lot of effort into your configuration and want to both protect and +distribute this configuration. Most people who decide to put their dotfiles under version control start with a -single repository in $HOME, adding all their dotfiles (and possibly more) +single repository in `$HOME`, adding all their dotfiles (and possibly more) to it. This works, of course, but can become a nuisance as soon as you try to manage more than one host. The next logical step is to create single-purpose repositories in, for example, -~/.dotfiles and to create symbolic links in $HOME. This gives you the +`~/.dotfiles` and to create symbolic links into `$HOME`. This gives you the flexibility to check out only certain repositories on different hosts. The downsides of this approach are the necessary manual steps of cloning and -symlinking the individual repositories. It will probably become a nuisance when -you try to manage more than two hosts. - -vcsh takes this second approach one step further. It expects -single-purpose repositories and stores them in a hidden directory (similar -to ~/.dotfiles). However, it does not create symbolic links in $HOME; it puts -the actual files right into $HOME. - -Furthermore, by making use of [mr] [1], it makes it very easy to enable/disable -and clone a large number of repositories. The use of mr is technically optional -(see 4.3), but it will be an integral part of the proposed system that follows. - -## 3.2 Default Directory Layout ## +symlinking the individual repositories. + +`vcsh` takes this approach one step further. It enables single-purpose +repositories and stores them in a hidden directory. However, it does not create +symbolic links in `$HOME`; it puts the actual files right into `$HOME`. + +As `vcsh` allows you to put an arbitrary number of distinct repositories into +your `$HOME`, you will end up with a lot of repositories very quickly. + +`vcsh` was designed with [myrepos][myrepos], a tool to manage Multiple +Repositories, in mind and the two integrate very nicely. The myrepos tool +(`mr`) has native support for `vcsh` repositories and the configuration for +myrepos is just another set of files that you cat track with `vcsh` like any +other. This makes setting up any new machine a breeze. It can take literally +less than five minutes to go from standard installation to fully set up system. + +We suggest using [myrepos][myrepos] to manage both `vcsh` and other +repositories. The `mr` utility takes care of pulling in and pushing +out new data for a variety of version control systems. While the use +of myrepos is technically optional, it will be an integral part of the +proposed system that follows. For instance, you can use +[myrepos][myrepos] to track repositories in home such as `.emacs.d`, +which `mr` can clone and update for you automatically. To do this, +just add a `mr` configuration file to `availabile.d` with a `checkout` +command to clone the repo, and set the [title] to the desired +location, e.g. `$HOME/.emacs.d`. Try the `mr register` command in an +existing repository, then view `~/.mrconfig` for an example. + +## Default Directory Layout To illustrate, this is what a possible directory structure looks like. @@ -110,81 +169,81 @@ To illustrate, this is what a possible directory structure looks like. |-- .mrconfig `-- .mrtrust -### available.d ### +### available.d -The files you see in $XDG\_CONFIG\_HOME/mr/available.d are mr configuration files -that contain the commands to manage (checkout, update etc.) a single -repository. vcsh repo configs end in .vcsh, git configs end in .git, etc. This -is optional and your preference. For example, this is what a zsh.vcsh -with read-only access to my zshrc repo looks likes. I.e. in this specific -example, push can not work as you will be using the author's repository. This -is for demonstration, only. Of course, you are more than welcome to clone from -this repository and fork your own. +The files you see in $XDG\_CONFIG\_HOME/mr/available.d are myrepos +configuration files that contain the commands to manage (checkout, update +etc.) a single repository. vcsh repo configs end in .vcsh, git configs end +in .git, etc. This is optional and your preference. For example, this is +what a zsh.vcsh with read-only access to my zshrc repo looks likes. I.e. in +this specific example, push can not work as you will be using the author's +repository. This is for demonstration, only. Of course, you are more than +welcome to clone from this repository and fork your own. [$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/vcsh/repo.d/zsh.git] - checkout = vcsh clone 'git://github.com/RichiH/zshrc.git' zsh - update = vcsh run zsh git pull - push = vcsh run zsh git push - status = vcsh run zsh git status - gc = vcsh run zsh git gc + checkout = vcsh clone 'git://github.com/RichiH/zshrc.git' 'zsh' + update = vcsh zsh pull + push = vcsh zsh push + status = vcsh zsh status + gc = vcsh zsh gc -### config.d ### + [$HOME/.emacs.d] + checkout = vcsh clone 'git://github.com/andschwa/emacs.git' '.emacs.d' + +### config.d $XDG\_CONFIG\_HOME/mr/available.d contains *all available* repositories. Only -files/links present in mr/config.d, however, will be used by mr. That means +files/links present in mr/config.d, however, will be used by myrepos. That means that in this example, only the zsh, gitconfigs, tmux and vim repositories will be checked out. A simple `mr update` run in $HOME will clone or update those four repositories listed in config.d. -### ~/.mrconfig ### +### ~/.mrconfig Finally, ~/.mrconfig will tie together all those single files which will allow you to conveniently run `mr up` etc. to manage all repositories. It looks like this: [DEFAULT] - jobs = 5 - # Use if your mr does not have vcsh support in mainline, yet - include = cat /usr/share/mr/vcsh include = cat ${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME/.config}/mr/config.d/* -### repo.d ### +### repo.d $XDG\_CONFIG\_HOME/vcsh/repo.d is the directory where all git repositories which are under vcsh's control are located. Since their working trees are configured to be in $HOME, the files contained in those repositories will be put in $HOME directly. -Of course, [mr] [1] will work with this layout if configured according to this -document (see above). + +Of course, [myrepos][myrepos] will work with this layout if configured according to +this document (see above). vcsh will check if any file it would want to create exists. If it exists, vcsh will throw a warning and exit. Move away your old config and try again. Optionally, merge your local and your global configs afterwards and push with -`vcsh run foo git push`. +`vcsh foo push`. -## 3.3 Moving into a New Host ## +## Moving into a New Host To illustrate further, the following steps could move your desired configuration to a new host. -1. Clone the mr repository (containing available.d, config.d etc.); for +1. Clone the myrepos repository (containing available.d, config.d etc.); for example: `vcsh clone git://github.com/RichiH/vcsh_mr_template.git mr` 2. Choose your repositories by linking them in config.d (or go with the default you may have already configured by adding symlinks to git). -3. Make sure the line 'include = cat /usr/share/mr/vcsh' in .mrconfig points - to an existing file -4. Run mr to clone the repositories: `cd; mr update`. -5. Done. +3. Run myrepos to clone the repositories: `cd; mr update`. +4. Done. Hopefully the above could help explain how this approach saves time by 1. making it easy to manage, clone and update a large number of repositories - (thanks to mr) and + (thanks to myrepos) and 2. making it unnecessary to create symbolic links in $HOME (thanks to vcsh). If you want to give vcsh a try, follow the instructions below. -# 4 Getting Started # + +# Getting Started Below, you will find a few different methods for setting up vcsh: @@ -192,67 +251,89 @@ Below, you will find a few different methods for setting up vcsh: 2. The Steal-from-Template Way 3. The Manual Way -### 4.1 The Template Way ### +### The Template Way -#### 4.1.1 Prerequisites #### +#### Prerequisites Make sure none of the following files and directories exist for your test (user). If they do, move them away for now: -* ~/.gitignore.d -* ~/.mrconfig -* $XDG\_CONFIG\_HOME/mr/available.d/mr.vcsh -* $XDG\_CONFIG\_HOME/mr/available.d/zsh.vcsh -* $XDG\_CONFIG\_HOME/mr/config.d/mr.vcsh -* $XDG\_CONFIG\_HOME/vcsh/repo.d/mr.git/ +* `~/.gitignore.d` +* `~/.mrconfig` +* `$XDG\_CONFIG\_HOME/mr/available.d/mr.vcsh` +* `$XDG\_CONFIG\_HOME/mr/available.d/zsh.vcsh` +* `$XDG\_CONFIG\_HOME/mr/config.d/mr.vcsh` +* `$XDG\_CONFIG\_HOME/vcsh/repo.d/mr.git/` All of the files are part of the template repository, the directory is where the template will be stored. - apt-get install mr +### Install vcsh -#### 4.1.2 Install vcsh #### +#### Debian -#### 4.1.2.1 Debian #### +If you are using Debian Squeeze, you will need to enable backports and the +package name for myrepos will be 'mr'. -If you are using Debian Squeeze, you will need to enable backports +From Wheezy onwards, you can install both directly: - apt-get install vcsh + apt-get install myrepos vcsh -#### 4.1.2.2 Arch Linux #### +#### Gentoo -vcsh is availabe via [AUR](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=54164) -and further documentation about the use of AUR is available -[on Arch's wiki](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_User_Repository). +To install vcsh in Gentoo Linux just give the following command as root: - cd /var/abs/local/ - wget https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/vc/vcsh-git/vcsh-git.tar.gz - tar xfz vcsh-git.tar.gz - cd vcsh-git - makepkg -s - pacman -U vcsh*.pkg.tar.xz + emerge dev-vcs/vcsh -#### 4.1.2.3 From source #### +Note the portage package for myrepos still has the old project name: -If your version of mr is older than version 1.07, make sure to put + emerge dev-vcs/mr - include = cat /usr/share/mr/vcsh +#### Arch Linux -into your .mrconfig . +vcsh is available via this [AUR](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/vcsh/) +package. Likewise myrepos is available [here](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/myrepos/). +You may install both useing your favorite AUR helper. e.g. with yaourt: + + yaourt -Sya myrepos vcsh + +Or you can do it yourself manually using the documentation on installing AUR packages +[on Arch's wiki](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_User_Repository#Installing_packages). + +If you prefer to use the devel package that installs the git HEAD version it +is available [here](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/vcsh-git/). + +#### Mac OS X + +Formulas are available for vcsh as well as git and myrepos through [homebrew](http://brew.sh). The +vcsh formula is set to depend on myrepos, so you only need one install command: + + brew install vcsh + +#### From source + +To install the latest version from git: # choose a location for your checkout - cd $HOME mkdir -p ~/work/git + cd ~/work/git git clone git://github.com/RichiH/vcsh.git cd vcsh - ln -s vcsh /usr/local/bin # or add it to your PATH - cd + sudo ln -s vcsh /usr/local/bin # or add it to your PATH -#### 4.1.3 Clone the Template #### +For myrepos: + + # use checkout location from above + cd ~/work/git + git clone git://myrepos.branchable.com/ myrepos + cd myrepos + make install + +#### Clone the Template vcsh clone git://github.com/RichiH/vcsh_mr_template.git mr -#### 4.1.4 Enable Your Test Repository #### +#### Enable Your Test Repository mv ~/.zsh ~/zsh.bak mv ~/.zshrc ~/zshrc.bak @@ -261,7 +342,7 @@ into your .mrconfig . cd mr up -#### 4.1.5 Set Up Your Own Repositories #### +#### Set Up Your Own Repositories Now, it's time to edit the template config and fill it with your own remotes: @@ -271,17 +352,17 @@ Now, it's time to edit the template config and fill it with your own remotes: And then create your own stuff: vcsh init foo - vcsh run foo git add -f bar baz quux - vcsh run foo git remote add origin git://quuux - vcsh run foo git commit - vcsh run foo git push + vcsh foo add bar baz quux + vcsh foo remote add origin git://quuux + vcsh foo commit + vcsh foo push cp $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/mr/available.d/mr.vcsh $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/mr/available.d/foo.vcsh vim $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/mr/available.d/foo.vcsh # add your own repo Done! -### 4.2 The Steal-from-Template Way ### +### The Steal-from-Template Way You're welcome to clone the example repository: @@ -293,7 +374,7 @@ Look around in the clone. It should be reasonably simple to understand. If not, poke me, RichiH, on Freenode (query) or OFTC (#vcs-home). -### 4.3 The Manual Way ### +### The Manual Way This is how my old setup procedure looked like. Adapt it to your own style or copy mine verbatim, either is fine. @@ -307,19 +388,17 @@ copy mine verbatim, either is fine. sudo ln -s ~/work/git/vcsh/vcsh /usr/bin/local hash -r -Grab my mr config. see below for details on how I set this up +Grab my myrepos config. see below for details on how I set this up vcsh clone ssh:///mr.git cd $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/mr/config.d/ ln -s ../available.d/* . -mr is used to actually retrieve configs, etc +[myrepos][myrepos] is used to actually retrieve configs, etc. ~ % cat ~/.mrconfig [DEFAULT] - # adapt /usr/share/mr/vcsh to your system if needed - include = cat /usr/share/mr/vcsh include = cat $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/mr/config.d/* ~ % echo $XDG_CONFIG_HOME /home/richih/.config @@ -331,9 +410,10 @@ mr is used to actually retrieve configs, etc ~ % cd ~ % mr -j 5 up -# 5 Usage # -### 5.1 Keeping repositories Up-to-Date ### +# myrepos usage ; will be factored out & rewritten + +### Keeping repositories Up-to-Date This is the beauty of it all. Once you are set up, just run: @@ -342,27 +422,22 @@ This is the beauty of it all. Once you are set up, just run: Neat. -### 5.1 Making Changes ### +### Making Changes After you have made some changes, for which you would normally use `git add` and `git commit`, use the vcsh wrapper (like above): - vcsh run foo git add -f bar baz quux - vcsh run foo git commit - vcsh run foo git push + vcsh foo add bar baz quux + vcsh foo commit + vcsh foo push -By the way, you'll have to use -f/--force flag with git-add because all files -will be ignored by default. This is to show you only useful output when running -git-status. A fix for this problem is being worked on. +### Using vcsh without myrepos -### 5.3 Using vcsh without mr ### - -vcsh encourages you to use [mr] [1]. It helps you manage a large number of +vcsh encourages you to use [myrepos][myrepos]. It helps you manage a large number of repositories by running the necessary vcsh commands for you. You may choose not -to use mr, in which case you will have to run those commands manually or by +to use myrepos, in which case you will have to run those commands manually or by other means. -#### A Few Examples #### To initialize a new repository: `vcsh init zsh` @@ -371,11 +446,11 @@ To clone a repository: `vcsh clone ssh:///zsh.git` To interact with a repository, use the regular Git commands, but prepend them with `vcsh run $repository_name`. For example: - vcsh run zsh git status - vcsh run zsh git add -f .zshrc - vcsh run zsh git commit + vcsh zsh status + vcsh zsh add .zshrc + vcsh zsh commit -Obviously, without mr keeping repositories up-to-date, it will have to be done +Obviously, without myrepos keeping repositories up-to-date, it will have to be done manually. Alternatively, you could try something like this: for repo in `vcsh list`; do @@ -383,7 +458,19 @@ manually. Alternatively, you could try something like this: done -[mr]: http://kitenet.net/~joey/code/mr/ +# Contact + +There are several ways to get in touch with the author and a small but committed +community around the general idea of version controlling your (digital) life. + +* IRC: #vcs-home on irc.oftc.net + +* Mailing list: [http://lists.madduck.net/listinfo/vcs-home][vcs-home-list] + +* Pull requests or issues on [https://github.com/RichiH/vcsh][vcsh] + + +[myrepos]: http://myrepos.branchable.com/ [talks]: http://richardhartmann.de/talks/ [vcsh]: https://github.com/RichiH/vcsh [vcs-home-list]: http://lists.madduck.net/listinfo/vcs-home