All patches and comments are welcome. Please squash your changes to logical
commits before using git-format-patch and git-send-email to
patches@git.madduck.net.
If you'd read over the Git project's submission guidelines and adhered to them,
I'd be especially grateful.
7 <!-- Include any especially major or disruptive changes here -->
11 <!-- Changes that affect Black's stable style -->
15 <!-- Changes that affect Black's preview style -->
17 - Remove unnecessary parentheses from `with` statements (#2926)
21 <!-- Changes to blackd -->
25 <!-- Changes to how Black can be configured -->
29 <!-- Major changes to documentation and policies. Small docs changes
30 don't need a changelog entry. -->
34 <!-- For example, Docker, GitHub Actions, pre-commit, editors -->
38 <!-- Changes to Black's terminal output and error messages -->
40 - Output python version and implementation as part of `--version` flag (#2997)
44 <!-- Changes to how Black is packaged, such as dependency requirements -->
46 - Use `tomli` instead of `tomllib` on Python 3.11 builds where `tomllib` is not
51 <!-- Changes to the parser or to version autodetection -->
55 <!-- Changes that improve Black's performance. -->
61 - Code cell separators `#%%` are now standardised to `# %%` (#2919)
62 - Remove unnecessary parentheses from `except` statements (#2939)
63 - Remove unnecessary parentheses from tuple unpacking in `for` loops (#2945)
64 - Avoid magic-trailing-comma in single-element subscripts (#2942)
68 - Do not format `__pypackages__` directories by default (#2836)
69 - Add support for specifying stable version with `--required-version` (#2832).
70 - Avoid crashing when the user has no homedir (#2814)
71 - Avoid crashing when md5 is not available (#2905)
72 - Fix handling of directory junctions on Windows (#2904)
76 - Update pylint config documentation (#2931)
80 - Move test to disable plugin in Vim/Neovim, which speeds up loading (#2896)
84 - In verbose, mode, log when _Black_ is using user-level config (#2861)
88 - Fix Black to work with Click 8.1.0 (#2966)
89 - On Python 3.11 and newer, use the standard library's `tomllib` instead of `tomli`
91 - `black-primer`, the deprecated internal devtool, has been removed and copied to a
92 [separate repository](https://github.com/cooperlees/black-primer) (#2924)
96 - Black can now parse starred expressions in the target of `for` and `async for`
97 statements, e.g `for item in *items_1, *items_2: pass` (#2879).
101 At long last, _Black_ is no longer a beta product! This is the first non-beta release
102 and the first release covered by our new
103 [stability policy](https://black.readthedocs.io/en/stable/the_black_code_style/index.html#stability-policy).
107 - **Remove Python 2 support** (#2740)
108 - Introduce the `--preview` flag (#2752)
112 - Deprecate `--experimental-string-processing` and move the functionality under
114 - For stubs, one blank line between class attributes and methods is now kept if there's
115 at least one pre-existing blank line (#2736)
116 - Black now normalizes string prefix order (#2297)
117 - Remove spaces around power operators if both operands are simple (#2726)
118 - Work around bug that causes unstable formatting in some cases in the presence of the
119 magic trailing comma (#2807)
120 - Use parentheses for attribute access on decimal float and int literals (#2799)
121 - Don't add whitespace for attribute access on hexadecimal, binary, octal, and complex
123 - Treat blank lines in stubs the same inside top-level `if` statements (#2820)
124 - Fix unstable formatting with semicolons and arithmetic expressions (#2817)
125 - Fix unstable formatting around magic trailing comma (#2572)
129 - Fix mapping cases that contain as-expressions, like `case {"key": 1 | 2 as password}`
131 - Fix cases that contain multiple top-level as-expressions, like `case 1 as a, 2 as b`
133 - Fix call patterns that contain as-expressions with keyword arguments, like
134 `case Foo(bar=baz as quux)` (#2749)
135 - Tuple unpacking on `return` and `yield` constructs now implies 3.8+ (#2700)
136 - Unparenthesized tuples on annotated assignments (e.g
137 `values: Tuple[int, ...] = 1, 2, 3`) now implies 3.8+ (#2708)
138 - Fix handling of standalone `match()` or `case()` when there is a trailing newline or a
139 comment inside of the parentheses. (#2760)
140 - `from __future__ import annotations` statement now implies Python 3.7+ (#2690)
144 - Speed-up the new backtracking parser about 4X in general (enabled when
145 `--target-version` is set to 3.10 and higher). (#2728)
146 - _Black_ is now compiled with [mypyc](https://github.com/mypyc/mypyc) for an overall 2x
147 speed-up. 64-bit Windows, MacOS, and Linux (not including musl) are supported. (#1009,
152 - Do not accept bare carriage return line endings in pyproject.toml (#2408)
153 - Add configuration option (`python-cell-magics`) to format cells with custom magics in
154 Jupyter Notebooks (#2744)
155 - Allow setting custom cache directory on all platforms with environment variable
156 `BLACK_CACHE_DIR` (#2739).
157 - Enable Python 3.10+ by default, without any extra need to specify
158 `--target-version=py310`. (#2758)
159 - Make passing `SRC` or `--code` mandatory and mutually exclusive (#2804)
163 - Improve error message for invalid regular expression (#2678)
164 - Improve error message when parsing fails during AST safety check by embedding the
165 underlying SyntaxError (#2693)
166 - No longer color diff headers white as it's unreadable in light themed terminals
168 - Text coloring added in the final statistics (#2712)
169 - Verbose mode also now describes how a project root was discovered and which paths will
170 be formatted. (#2526)
174 - All upper version bounds on dependencies have been removed (#2718)
175 - `typing-extensions` is no longer a required dependency in Python 3.10+ (#2772)
176 - Set `click` lower bound to `8.0.0` (#2791)
180 - Update GitHub action to support containerized runs (#2748)
184 - Change protocol in pip installation instructions to `https://` (#2761)
185 - Change HTML theme to Furo primarily for its responsive design and mobile support
187 - Deprecate the `black-primer` tool (#2809)
188 - Document Python support policy (#2819)
194 - Fix determination of f-string expression spans (#2654)
195 - Fix bad formatting of error messages about EOF in multi-line statements (#2343)
196 - Functions and classes in blocks now have more consistent surrounding spacing (#2472)
198 #### Jupyter Notebook support
200 - Cell magics are now only processed if they are known Python cell magics. Earlier, all
201 cell magics were tokenized, leading to possible indentation errors e.g. with
202 `%%writefile`. (#2630)
203 - Fix assignment to environment variables in Jupyter Notebooks (#2642)
205 #### Python 3.10 support
207 - Point users to using `--target-version py310` if we detect 3.10-only syntax (#2668)
208 - Fix `match` statements with open sequence subjects, like `match a, b:` or
209 `match a, *b:` (#2639) (#2659)
210 - Fix `match`/`case` statements that contain `match`/`case` soft keywords multiple
211 times, like `match re.match()` (#2661)
212 - Fix `case` statements with an inline body (#2665)
213 - Fix styling of starred expressions inside `match` subject (#2667)
214 - Fix parser error location on invalid syntax in a `match` statement (#2649)
215 - Fix Python 3.10 support on platforms without ProcessPoolExecutor (#2631)
216 - Improve parsing performance on code that uses `match` under `--target-version py310`
221 - Remove dependency on `regex` (#2644) (#2663)
227 - Bumped regex version minimum to 2021.4.4 to fix Pattern class usage (#2621)
233 - Warn about Python 2 deprecation in more cases by improving Python 2 only syntax
235 - Add experimental PyPy support (#2559)
236 - Add partial support for the match statement. As it's experimental, it's only enabled
237 when `--target-version py310` is explicitly specified (#2586)
238 - Add support for parenthesized with (#2586)
239 - Declare support for Python 3.10 for running Black (#2562)
243 - Fixed vim plugin with Python 3.10 by removing deprecated distutils import (#2610)
244 - The vim plugin now parses `skip_magic_trailing_comma` from pyproject.toml (#2613)
250 - Document stability policy, that will apply for non-beta releases (#2529)
251 - Add new `--workers` parameter (#2514)
252 - Fixed feature detection for positional-only arguments in lambdas (#2532)
253 - Bumped typed-ast version minimum to 1.4.3 for 3.10 compatibility (#2519)
254 - Fixed a Python 3.10 compatibility issue where the loop argument was still being passed
255 even though it has been removed (#2580)
256 - Deprecate Python 2 formatting support (#2523)
260 - Remove dependency on aiohttp-cors (#2500)
261 - Bump required aiohttp version to 3.7.4 (#2509)
265 - Add primer support for --projects (#2555)
266 - Print primer summary after individual failures (#2570)
270 - Allow to pass `target_version` in the vim plugin (#1319)
271 - Install build tools in docker file and use multi-stage build to keep the image size
278 - Fix missing modules in self-contained binaries (#2466)
279 - Fix missing toml extra used during installation (#2475)
285 - Add support for formatting Jupyter Notebook files (#2357)
286 - Move from `appdirs` dependency to `platformdirs` (#2375)
287 - Present a more user-friendly error if .gitignore is invalid (#2414)
288 - The failsafe for accidentally added backslashes in f-string expressions has been
289 hardened to handle more edge cases during quote normalization (#2437)
290 - Avoid changing a function return type annotation's type to a tuple by adding a
291 trailing comma (#2384)
292 - Parsing support has been added for unparenthesized walruses in set literals, set
293 comprehensions, and indices (#2447).
294 - Pin `setuptools-scm` build-time dependency version (#2457)
295 - Exclude typing-extensions version 3.10.0.1 due to it being broken on Python 3.10
300 - Replace sys.exit(-1) with raise ImportError as it plays more nicely with tools that
301 scan installed packages (#2440)
305 - The provided pre-commit hooks no longer specify `language_version` to avoid overriding
306 `default_language_version` (#2430)
312 - Configuration files using TOML features higher than spec v0.5.0 are now supported
314 - Add primer support and test for code piped into black via STDIN (#2315)
315 - Fix internal error when `FORCE_OPTIONAL_PARENTHESES` feature is enabled (#2332)
316 - Accept empty stdin (#2346)
317 - Provide a more useful error when parsing fails during AST safety checks (#2304)
321 - Add new `latest_release` tag automation to follow latest black release on docker
326 - The vim plugin now searches upwards from the directory containing the current buffer
327 instead of the current working directory for pyproject.toml. (#1871)
328 - The vim plugin now reads the correct string normalization option in pyproject.toml
330 - The vim plugin no longer crashes Black when there's boolean values in pyproject.toml
337 - Fix failure caused by `fmt: skip` and indentation (#2281)
338 - Account for += assignment when deciding whether to split string (#2312)
339 - Correct max string length calculation when there are string operators (#2292)
340 - Fixed option usage when using the `--code` flag (#2259)
341 - Do not call `uvloop.install()` when _Black_ is used as a library (#2303)
342 - Added `--required-version` option to require a specific version to be running (#2300)
343 - Fix incorrect custom breakpoint indices when string group contains fake f-strings
345 - Fix regression where `R` prefixes would be lowercased for docstrings (#2285)
346 - Fix handling of named escapes (`\N{...}`) when `--experimental-string-processing` is
351 - The official Black action now supports choosing what version to use, and supports the
352 major 3 OSes. (#1940)
358 - A space is no longer inserted into empty docstrings (#2249)
359 - Fix handling of .gitignore files containing non-ASCII characters on Windows (#2229)
360 - Respect `.gitignore` files in all levels, not only `root/.gitignore` file (apply
361 `.gitignore` rules like `git` does) (#2225)
362 - Restored compatibility with Click 8.0 on Python 3.6 when LANG=C used (#2227)
363 - Add extra uvloop install + import support if in python env (#2258)
364 - Fix --experimental-string-processing crash when matching parens are not found (#2283)
365 - Make sure to split lines that start with a string operator (#2286)
366 - Fix regular expression that black uses to identify f-expressions (#2287)
370 - Add a lower bound for the `aiohttp-cors` dependency. Only 0.4.0 or higher is
375 - Release self-contained x86_64 MacOS binaries as part of the GitHub release pipeline
377 - Always build binaries with the latest available Python (#2260)
381 - Add discussion of magic comments to FAQ page (#2272)
382 - `--experimental-string-processing` will be enabled by default in the future (#2273)
383 - Fix typos discovered by codespell (#2228)
384 - Fix Vim plugin installation instructions. (#2235)
385 - Add new Frequently Asked Questions page (#2247)
386 - Fix encoding + symlink issues preventing proper build on Windows (#2262)
392 - Refactor `src/black/__init__.py` into many files (#2206)
396 - Replaced all remaining references to the
397 [`master`](https://github.com/psf/black/tree/main) branch with the
398 [`main`](https://github.com/psf/black/tree/main) branch. Some additional changes in
399 the source code were also made. (#2210)
400 - Sigificantly reorganized the documentation to make much more sense. Check them out by
401 heading over to [the stable docs on RTD](https://black.readthedocs.io/en/stable/).
408 - Set `--pyi` mode if `--stdin-filename` ends in `.pyi` (#2169)
409 - Stop detecting target version as Python 3.9+ with pre-PEP-614 decorators that are
410 being called but with no arguments (#2182)
414 - Add `--no-diff` to black-primer to suppress formatting changes (#2187)
420 - Fix crash if the user configuration directory is inaccessible. (#2158)
423 [circumstances](https://github.com/psf/black/blob/master/docs/the_black_code_style.md#pragmatism)
424 in which _Black_ may change the AST (#2159)
426 - Allow `.gitignore` rules to be overridden by specifying `exclude` in `pyproject.toml`
427 or on the command line. (#2170)
431 - Install `primer.json` (used by `black-primer` by default) with black. (#2154)
437 - Fix crash on docstrings ending with "\\ ". (#2142)
439 - Fix crash when atypical whitespace is cleaned out of dostrings (#2120)
441 - Reflect the `--skip-magic-trailing-comma` and `--experimental-string-processing` flags
442 in the name of the cache file. Without this fix, changes in these flags would not take
443 effect if the cache had already been populated. (#2131)
445 - Don't remove necessary parentheses from assignment expression containing assert /
446 return statements. (#2143)
450 - Bump pathspec to >= 0.8.1 to solve invalid .gitignore exclusion handling
456 - Fixed a rare but annoying formatting instability created by the combination of
457 optional trailing commas inserted by `Black` and optional parentheses looking at
458 pre-existing "magic" trailing commas. This fixes issue #1629 and all of its many many
461 - `Black` now processes one-line docstrings by stripping leading and trailing spaces,
462 and adding a padding space when needed to break up """". (#1740)
464 - `Black` now cleans up leading non-breaking spaces in comments (#2092)
466 - `Black` now respects `--skip-string-normalization` when normalizing multiline
467 docstring quotes (#1637)
469 - `Black` no longer removes all empty lines between non-function code and decorators
470 when formatting typing stubs. Now `Black` enforces a single empty line. (#1646)
472 - `Black` no longer adds an incorrect space after a parenthesized assignment expression
473 in if/while statements (#1655)
475 - Added `--skip-magic-trailing-comma` / `-C` to avoid using trailing commas as a reason
476 to split lines (#1824)
478 - fixed a crash when PWD=/ on POSIX (#1631)
480 - fixed "I/O operation on closed file" when using --diff (#1664)
482 - Prevent coloured diff output being interleaved with multiple files (#1673)
484 - Added support for PEP 614 relaxed decorator syntax on python 3.9 (#1711)
486 - Added parsing support for unparenthesized tuples and yield expressions in annotated
489 - added `--extend-exclude` argument (PR #2005)
491 - speed up caching by avoiding pathlib (#1950)
493 - `--diff` correctly indicates when a file doesn't end in a newline (#1662)
495 - Added `--stdin-filename` argument to allow stdin to respect `--force-exclude` rules
498 - Lines ending with `fmt: skip` will now be not formatted (#1800)
500 - PR #2053: Black no longer relies on typed-ast for Python 3.8 and higher
502 - PR #2053: Python 2 support is now optional, install with
503 `python3 -m pip install black[python2]` to maintain support.
505 - Exclude `venv` directory by default (#1683)
507 - Fixed "Black produced code that is not equivalent to the source" when formatting
508 Python 2 docstrings (#2037)
512 - Self-contained native _Black_ binaries are now provided for releases via GitHub
519 - explicitly depend on Click 7.1.2 or newer as `Black` no longer works with versions
526 - re-implemented support for explicit trailing commas: now it works consistently within
527 any bracket pair, including nested structures (#1288 and duplicates)
529 - `Black` now reindents docstrings when reindenting code around it (#1053)
531 - `Black` now shows colored diffs (#1266)
533 - `Black` is now packaged using 'py3' tagged wheels (#1388)
535 - `Black` now supports Python 3.8 code, e.g. star expressions in return statements
538 - `Black` no longer normalizes capital R-string prefixes as those have a
539 community-accepted meaning (#1244)
541 - `Black` now uses exit code 2 when specified configuration file doesn't exit (#1361)
543 - `Black` now works on AWS Lambda (#1141)
545 - added `--force-exclude` argument (#1032)
547 - removed deprecated `--py36` option (#1236)
549 - fixed `--diff` output when EOF is encountered (#526)
551 - fixed `# fmt: off` handling around decorators (#560)
553 - fixed unstable formatting with some `# type: ignore` comments (#1113)
555 - fixed invalid removal on organizing brackets followed by indexing (#1575)
557 - introduced `black-primer`, a CI tool that allows us to run regression tests against
558 existing open source users of Black (#1402)
560 - introduced property-based fuzzing to our test suite based on Hypothesis and
561 Hypothersmith (#1566)
563 - implemented experimental and disabled by default long string rewrapping (#1132),
564 hidden under a `--experimental-string-processing` flag while it's being worked on;
565 this is an undocumented and unsupported feature, you lose Internet points for
566 depending on it (#1609)
570 - prefer virtualenv packages over global packages (#1383)
574 - added support for PEP 572 assignment expressions (#711)
576 - added support for PEP 570 positional-only arguments (#943)
578 - added support for async generators (#593)
580 - added support for pre-splitting collections by putting an explicit trailing comma
583 - added `black -c` as a way to format code passed from the command line (#761)
585 - --safe now works with Python 2 code (#840)
587 - fixed grammar selection for Python 2-specific code (#765)
589 - fixed feature detection for trailing commas in function definitions and call sites
592 - `# fmt: off`/`# fmt: on` comment pairs placed multiple times within the same block of
593 code now behave correctly (#1005)
595 - _Black_ no longer crashes on Windows machines with more than 61 cores (#838)
597 - _Black_ no longer crashes on standalone comments prepended with a backslash (#767)
599 - _Black_ no longer crashes on `from` ... `import` blocks with comments (#829)
601 - _Black_ no longer crashes on Python 3.7 on some platform configurations (#494)
603 - _Black_ no longer fails on comments in from-imports (#671)
605 - _Black_ no longer fails when the file starts with a backslash (#922)
607 - _Black_ no longer merges regular comments with type comments (#1027)
609 - _Black_ no longer splits long lines that contain type comments (#997)
611 - removed unnecessary parentheses around `yield` expressions (#834)
613 - added parentheses around long tuples in unpacking assignments (#832)
615 - added parentheses around complex powers when they are prefixed by a unary operator
618 - fixed bug that led _Black_ format some code with a line length target of 1 (#762)
620 - _Black_ no longer introduces quotes in f-string subexpressions on string boundaries
623 - if _Black_ puts parenthesis around a single expression, it moves comments to the
624 wrapped expression instead of after the brackets (#872)
626 - `blackd` now returns the version of _Black_ in the response headers (#1013)
628 - `blackd` can now output the diff of formats on source code when the `X-Diff` header is
633 - new option `--target-version` to control which Python versions _Black_-formatted code
636 - deprecated `--py36` (use `--target-version=py36` instead) (#724)
638 - _Black_ no longer normalizes numeric literals to include `_` separators (#696)
640 - long `del` statements are now split into multiple lines (#698)
642 - type comments are no longer mangled in function signatures
644 - improved performance of formatting deeply nested data structures (#509)
646 - _Black_ now properly formats multiple files in parallel on Windows (#632)
648 - _Black_ now creates cache files atomically which allows it to be used in parallel
649 pipelines (like `xargs -P8`) (#673)
651 - _Black_ now correctly indents comments in files that were previously formatted with
654 - `blackd` now supports CORS (#622)
658 - numeric literals are now formatted by _Black_ (#452, #461, #464, #469):
660 - numeric literals are normalized to include `_` separators on Python 3.6+ code
662 - added `--skip-numeric-underscore-normalization` to disable the above behavior and
663 leave numeric underscores as they were in the input
665 - code with `_` in numeric literals is recognized as Python 3.6+
667 - most letters in numeric literals are lowercased (e.g., in `1e10`, `0x01`)
669 - hexadecimal digits are always uppercased (e.g. `0xBADC0DE`)
671 - added `blackd`, see
672 [its documentation](https://github.com/psf/black/blob/18.9b0/README.md#blackd) for
675 - adjacent string literals are now correctly split into multiple lines (#463)
677 - trailing comma is now added to single imports that don't fit on a line (#250)
679 - cache is now populated when `--check` is successful for a file which speeds up
680 consecutive checks of properly formatted unmodified files (#448)
682 - whitespace at the beginning of the file is now removed (#399)
684 - fixed mangling [pweave](http://mpastell.com/pweave/) and
685 [Spyder IDE](https://www.spyder-ide.org/) special comments (#532)
687 - fixed unstable formatting when unpacking big tuples (#267)
689 - fixed parsing of `__future__` imports with renames (#389)
691 - fixed scope of `# fmt: off` when directly preceding `yield` and other nodes (#385)
693 - fixed formatting of lambda expressions with default arguments (#468)
695 - fixed `async for` statements: _Black_ no longer breaks them into separate lines (#372)
697 - note: the Vim plugin stopped registering `,=` as a default chord as it turned out to
702 - hotfix: don't freeze when multiple comments directly precede `# fmt: off` (#371)
706 - typing stub files (`.pyi`) now have blank lines added after constants (#340)
708 - `# fmt: off` and `# fmt: on` are now much more dependable:
710 - they now work also within bracket pairs (#329)
712 - they now correctly work across function/class boundaries (#335)
714 - they now work when an indentation block starts with empty lines or misaligned
717 - made Click not fail on invalid environments; note that Click is right but the
718 likelihood we'll need to access non-ASCII file paths when dealing with Python source
721 - fixed improper formatting of f-strings with quotes inside interpolated expressions
724 - fixed unnecessary slowdown when long list literals where found in a file
726 - fixed unnecessary slowdown on AST nodes with very many siblings
728 - fixed cannibalizing backslashes during string normalization
730 - fixed a crash due to symbolic links pointing outside of the project directory (#338)
734 - added `--config` (#65)
736 - added `-h` equivalent to `--help` (#316)
738 - fixed improper unmodified file caching when `-S` was used
740 - fixed extra space in string unpacking (#305)
742 - fixed formatting of empty triple quoted strings (#313)
744 - fixed unnecessary slowdown in comment placement calculation on lines without comments
748 - hotfix: don't output human-facing information on stdout (#299)
750 - hotfix: don't output cake emoji on non-zero return code (#300)
754 - added `--include` and `--exclude` (#270)
756 - added `--skip-string-normalization` (#118)
758 - added `--verbose` (#283)
760 - the header output in `--diff` now actually conforms to the unified diff spec
762 - fixed long trivial assignments being wrapped in unnecessary parentheses (#273)
764 - fixed unnecessary parentheses when a line contained multiline strings (#232)
766 - fixed stdin handling not working correctly if an old version of Click was used (#276)
768 - _Black_ now preserves line endings when formatting a file in place (#258)
772 - added `--pyi` (#249)
774 - added `--py36` (#249)
776 - Python grammar pickle caches are stored with the formatting caches, making _Black_
777 work in environments where site-packages is not user-writable (#192)
779 - _Black_ now enforces a PEP 257 empty line after a class-level docstring (and/or
780 fields) and the first method
782 - fixed invalid code produced when standalone comments were present in a trailer that
783 was omitted from line splitting on a large expression (#237)
785 - fixed optional parentheses being removed within `# fmt: off` sections (#224)
787 - fixed invalid code produced when stars in very long imports were incorrectly wrapped
788 in optional parentheses (#234)
790 - fixed unstable formatting when inline comments were moved around in a trailer that was
791 omitted from line splitting on a large expression (#238)
793 - fixed extra empty line between a class declaration and the first method if no class
794 docstring or fields are present (#219)
796 - fixed extra empty line between a function signature and an inner function or inner
801 - call chains are now formatted according to the
802 [fluent interfaces](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluent_interface) style (#67)
804 - data structure literals (tuples, lists, dictionaries, and sets) are now also always
805 exploded like imports when they don't fit in a single line (#152)
807 - slices are now formatted according to PEP 8 (#178)
809 - parentheses are now also managed automatically on the right-hand side of assignments
810 and return statements (#140)
812 - math operators now use their respective priorities for delimiting multiline
815 - optional parentheses are now omitted on expressions that start or end with a bracket
816 and only contain a single operator (#177)
818 - empty parentheses in a class definition are now removed (#145, #180)
820 - string prefixes are now standardized to lowercase and `u` is removed on Python 3.6+
821 only code and Python 2.7+ code with the `unicode_literals` future import (#188, #198,
824 - typing stub files (`.pyi`) are now formatted in a style that is consistent with PEP
827 - progress when reformatting many files is now reported incrementally
829 - fixed trailers (content with brackets) being unnecessarily exploded into their own
830 lines after a dedented closing bracket (#119)
832 - fixed an invalid trailing comma sometimes left in imports (#185)
834 - fixed non-deterministic formatting when multiple pairs of removable parentheses were
837 - fixed multiline strings being unnecessarily wrapped in optional parentheses in long
840 - fixed not splitting long from-imports with only a single name
842 - fixed Python 3.6+ file discovery by also looking at function calls with unpacking.
843 This fixed non-deterministic formatting if trailing commas where used both in function
844 signatures with stars and function calls with stars but the former would be
845 reformatted to a single line.
847 - fixed crash on dealing with optional parentheses (#193)
849 - fixed "is", "is not", "in", and "not in" not considered operators for splitting
852 - fixed crash when dead symlinks where encountered
856 - don't populate the cache on `--check` (#175)
860 - added a "cache"; files already reformatted that haven't changed on disk won't be
861 reformatted again (#109)
863 - `--check` and `--diff` are no longer mutually exclusive (#149)
865 - generalized star expression handling, including double stars; this fixes
866 multiplication making expressions "unsafe" for trailing commas (#132)
868 - _Black_ no longer enforces putting empty lines behind control flow statements (#90)
870 - _Black_ now splits imports like "Mode 3 + trailing comma" of isort (#127)
872 - fixed comment indentation when a standalone comment closes a block (#16, #32)
874 - fixed standalone comments receiving extra empty lines if immediately preceding a
875 class, def, or decorator (#56, #154)
877 - fixed `--diff` not showing entire path (#130)
879 - fixed parsing of complex expressions after star and double stars in function calls
882 - fixed invalid splitting on comma in lambda arguments (#133)
884 - fixed missing splits of ternary expressions (#141)
888 - fixed parsing of unaligned standalone comments (#99, #112)
890 - fixed placement of dictionary unpacking inside dictionary literals (#111)
892 - Vim plugin now works on Windows, too
894 - fixed unstable formatting when encountering unnecessarily escaped quotes in a string
899 - added `--quiet` (#78)
901 - added automatic parentheses management (#4)
903 - added [pre-commit](https://pre-commit.com) integration (#103, #104)
905 - fixed reporting on `--check` with multiple files (#101, #102)
907 - fixed removing backslash escapes from raw strings (#100, #105)
911 - added `--diff` (#87)
913 - add line breaks before all delimiters, except in cases like commas, to better comply
916 - standardize string literals to use double quotes (almost) everywhere (#75)
918 - fixed handling of standalone comments within nested bracketed expressions; _Black_
919 will no longer produce super long lines or put all standalone comments at the end of
922 - fixed 18.3a4 regression: don't crash and burn on empty lines with trailing whitespace
925 - fixed 18.3a4 regression: `# yapf: disable` usage as trailing comment would cause
926 _Black_ to not emit the rest of the file (#95)
928 - when CTRL+C is pressed while formatting many files, _Black_ no longer freaks out with
929 a flurry of asyncio-related exceptions
931 - only allow up to two empty lines on module level and only single empty lines within
936 - `# fmt: off` and `# fmt: on` are implemented (#5)
938 - automatic detection of deprecated Python 2 forms of print statements and exec
939 statements in the formatted file (#49)
941 - use proper spaces for complex expressions in default values of typed function
944 - only return exit code 1 when --check is used (#50)
946 - don't remove single trailing commas from square bracket indexing (#59)
948 - don't omit whitespace if the previous factor leaf wasn't a math operator (#55)
950 - omit extra space in kwarg unpacking if it's the first argument (#46)
952 - omit extra space in
953 [Sphinx auto-attribute comments](http://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/stable/ext/autodoc.html#directive-autoattribute)
958 - don't remove single empty lines outside of bracketed expressions (#19)
960 - added ability to pipe formatting from stdin to stdin (#25)
962 - restored ability to format code with legacy usage of `async` as a name (#20, #42)
964 - even better handling of numpy-style array indexing (#33, again)
968 - changed positioning of binary operators to occur at beginning of lines instead of at
970 [a recent change to PEP 8](https://github.com/python/peps/commit/c59c4376ad233a62ca4b3a6060c81368bd21e85b)
973 - ignore empty bracket pairs while splitting. This avoids very weirdly looking
974 formattings (#34, #35)
976 - remove a trailing comma if there is a single argument to a call
978 - if top level functions were separated by a comment, don't put four empty lines after
981 - fixed unstable formatting of newlines with imports
983 - fixed unintentional folding of post scriptum standalone comments into last statement
984 if it was a simple statement (#18, #28)
986 - fixed missing space in numpy-style array indexing (#33)
988 - fixed spurious space after star-based unary expressions (#31)
994 - only put trailing commas in function signatures and calls if it's safe to do so. If
995 the file is Python 3.6+ it's always safe, otherwise only safe if there are no `*args`
996 or `**kwargs` used in the signature or call. (#8)
998 - fixed invalid spacing of dots in relative imports (#6, #13)
1000 - fixed invalid splitting after comma on unpacked variables in for-loops (#23)
1002 - fixed spurious space in parenthesized set expressions (#7)
1004 - fixed spurious space after opening parentheses and in default arguments (#14, #17)
1006 - fixed spurious space after unary operators when the operand was a complex expression
1011 - first published version, Happy 🍰 Day 2018!
1015 - date-versioned (see: <https://calver.org/>)