Remove blib2to3 grammar cache logging (#3193)

[etc/vim.git] / src / black / __init__.py

diff --git a/src/black/__init__.py b/src/black/__init__.py
index d033e01141aa9f4f77ba16559c0697e14d81b6a6..2a5c750a5835562ddf5c743b01ab0cc58b4cb75c 100644 (file)
--- a/src/black/__init__.py
+++ b/src/black/__init__.py
@@ -1,21 +1,22 @@
 import asyncio
 import asyncio

-from json.decoder import JSONDecodeError
-import json
-from concurrent.futures import Executor, ThreadPoolExecutor, ProcessPoolExecutor
-from contextlib import contextmanager
-from datetime import datetime
-from enum import Enum

 import io
 import io

-from multiprocessing import Manager, freeze_support
+import json

 import os
 import os

-from pathlib import Path
-from pathspec.patterns.gitwildmatch import GitWildMatchPatternError
-import regex as re
+import platform
+import re

 import signal
 import sys
 import tokenize
 import traceback
 import signal
 import sys
 import tokenize
 import traceback

+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from dataclasses import replace
+from datetime import datetime
+from enum import Enum
+from json.decoder import JSONDecodeError
+from multiprocessing import Manager, freeze_support
+from pathlib import Path

 from typing import (
 from typing import (

+    TYPE_CHECKING,

     Any,
     Dict,
     Generator,
     Any,
     Dict,
     Generator,


@@ -24,47 +25,75 @@ from typing import (
     MutableMapping,
     Optional,
     Pattern,
     MutableMapping,
     Optional,
     Pattern,

+    Sequence,

     Set,
     Sized,
     Tuple,
     Union,
 )
 
     Set,
     Sized,
     Tuple,
     Union,
 )
 

-from dataclasses import replace

 import click
 import click

+from click.core import ParameterSource
+from mypy_extensions import mypyc_attr
+from pathspec.patterns.gitwildmatch import GitWildMatchPatternError

 
 

-from black.const import DEFAULT_LINE_LENGTH, DEFAULT_INCLUDES, DEFAULT_EXCLUDES
-from black.const import STDIN_PLACEHOLDER
-from black.nodes import STARS, syms, is_simple_decorator_expression
-from black.lines import Line, EmptyLineTracker
-from black.linegen import transform_line, LineGenerator, LN
+from _black_version import version as __version__
+from black.cache import Cache, filter_cached, get_cache_info, read_cache, write_cache

 from black.comments import normalize_fmt_off
 from black.comments import normalize_fmt_off

-from black.mode import Mode, TargetVersion
-from black.mode import Feature, supports_feature, VERSION_TO_FEATURES
-from black.cache import read_cache, write_cache, get_cache_info, filter_cached, Cache
-from black.concurrency import cancel, shutdown, maybe_install_uvloop
-from black.output import dump_to_file, ipynb_diff, diff, color_diff, out, err
-from black.report import Report, Changed, NothingChanged
-from black.files import find_project_root, find_pyproject_toml, parse_pyproject_toml
-from black.files import gen_python_files, get_gitignore, normalize_path_maybe_ignore
-from black.files import wrap_stream_for_windows
-from black.parsing import InvalidInput  # noqa F401
-from black.parsing import lib2to3_parse, parse_ast, stringify_ast
+from black.concurrency import cancel, maybe_install_uvloop, shutdown
+from black.const import (
+    DEFAULT_EXCLUDES,
+    DEFAULT_INCLUDES,
+    DEFAULT_LINE_LENGTH,
+    STDIN_PLACEHOLDER,
+)
+from black.files import (
+    find_project_root,
+    find_pyproject_toml,
+    find_user_pyproject_toml,
+    gen_python_files,
+    get_gitignore,
+    normalize_path_maybe_ignore,
+    parse_pyproject_toml,
+    wrap_stream_for_windows,
+)

 from black.handle_ipynb_magics import (
 from black.handle_ipynb_magics import (

-    mask_cell,
-    unmask_cell,
-    remove_trailing_semicolon,
-    put_trailing_semicolon_back,
+    PYTHON_CELL_MAGICS,

     TRANSFORMED_MAGICS,
     jupyter_dependencies_are_installed,
     TRANSFORMED_MAGICS,
     jupyter_dependencies_are_installed,

+    mask_cell,
+    put_trailing_semicolon_back,
+    remove_trailing_semicolon,
+    unmask_cell,

 )
 )

-
-
-# lib2to3 fork
-from blib2to3.pytree import Node, Leaf
+from black.linegen import LN, LineGenerator, transform_line
+from black.lines import EmptyLineTracker, Line
+from black.mode import (
+    FUTURE_FLAG_TO_FEATURE,
+    VERSION_TO_FEATURES,
+    Feature,
+    Mode,
+    TargetVersion,
+    supports_feature,
+)
+from black.nodes import (
+    STARS,
+    is_number_token,
+    is_simple_decorator_expression,
+    is_string_token,
+    syms,
+)
+from black.output import color_diff, diff, dump_to_file, err, ipynb_diff, out
+from black.parsing import InvalidInput  # noqa F401
+from black.parsing import lib2to3_parse, parse_ast, stringify_ast
+from black.report import Changed, NothingChanged, Report

 from blib2to3.pgen2 import token
 from blib2to3.pgen2 import token

+from blib2to3.pytree import Leaf, Node

 
 

-from _black_version import version as __version__
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from concurrent.futures import Executor
+
+COMPILED = Path(__file__).suffix in (".pyd", ".so")

 
 # types
 FileContent = str
 
 # types
 FileContent = str


@@ -95,6 +124,8 @@ class WriteBack(Enum):
 # Legacy name, left for integrations.
 FileMode = Mode
 
 # Legacy name, left for integrations.
 FileMode = Mode
 

+DEFAULT_WORKERS = os.cpu_count()
+

 
 def read_pyproject_toml(
     ctx: click.Context, param: click.Parameter, value: Optional[str]
 
 def read_pyproject_toml(
     ctx: click.Context, param: click.Parameter, value: Optional[str]


@@ -114,7 +145,7 @@ def read_pyproject_toml(
     except (OSError, ValueError) as e:
         raise click.FileError(
             filename=value, hint=f"Error reading configuration file: {e}"
     except (OSError, ValueError) as e:
         raise click.FileError(
             filename=value, hint=f"Error reading configuration file: {e}"

-        )
+        ) from None

 
     if not config:
         return None
 
     if not config:
         return None


@@ -168,14 +199,19 @@ def validate_regex(
     ctx: click.Context,
     param: click.Parameter,
     value: Optional[str],
     ctx: click.Context,
     param: click.Parameter,
     value: Optional[str],

-) -> Optional[Pattern]:
+) -> Optional[Pattern[str]]:

     try:
         return re_compile_maybe_verbose(value) if value is not None else None
     try:
         return re_compile_maybe_verbose(value) if value is not None else None

-    except re.error:
-        raise click.BadParameter("Not a valid regular expression")
+    except re.error as e:
+        raise click.BadParameter(f"Not a valid regular expression: {e}") from None

 
 
 
 

-@click.command(context_settings=dict(help_option_names=["-h", "--help"]))
+@click.command(
+    context_settings={"help_option_names": ["-h", "--help"]},
+    # While Click does set this field automatically using the docstring, mypyc
+    # (annoyingly) strips 'em so we need to set it here too.
+    help="The uncompromising code formatter.",
+)

 @click.option("-c", "--code", type=str, help="Format the code passed in as a string.")
 @click.option(
     "-l",
 @click.option("-c", "--code", type=str, help="Format the code passed in as a string.")
 @click.option(
     "-l",


@@ -212,6 +248,16 @@ def validate_regex(
         "(useful when piping source on standard input)."
     ),
 )
         "(useful when piping source on standard input)."
     ),
 )

+@click.option(
+    "--python-cell-magics",
+    multiple=True,
+    help=(
+        "When processing Jupyter Notebooks, add the given magic to the list"
+        f" of known python-magics ({', '.join(PYTHON_CELL_MAGICS)})."
+        " Useful for formatting cells with custom python magics."
+    ),
+    default=[],
+)

 @click.option(
     "-S",
     "--skip-string-normalization",
 @click.option(
     "-S",
     "--skip-string-normalization",


@@ -228,9 +274,14 @@ def validate_regex(
     "--experimental-string-processing",
     is_flag=True,
     hidden=True,
     "--experimental-string-processing",
     is_flag=True,
     hidden=True,

+    help="(DEPRECATED and now included in --preview) Normalize string literals.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--preview",
+    is_flag=True,

     help=(
     help=(

-        "Experimental option that performs more normalization on string literals."
-        " Currently disabled because it leads to some crashes."
+        "Enable potentially disruptive style changes that may be added to Black's main"
+        " functionality in the next major release."

     ),
 )
 @click.option(
     ),
 )
 @click.option(


@@ -262,7 +313,8 @@ def validate_regex(
     type=str,
     help=(
         "Require a specific version of Black to be running (useful for unifying results"
     type=str,
     help=(
         "Require a specific version of Black to be running (useful for unifying results"

-        " across many environments e.g. with a pyproject.toml file)."
+        " across many environments e.g. with a pyproject.toml file). It can be"
+        " either a major version number or an exact version."

     ),
 )
 @click.option(
     ),
 )
 @click.option(


@@ -318,6 +370,14 @@ def validate_regex(
         "editors that rely on using stdin."
     ),
 )
         "editors that rely on using stdin."
     ),
 )

+@click.option(
+    "-W",
+    "--workers",
+    type=click.IntRange(min=1),
+    default=DEFAULT_WORKERS,
+    show_default=True,
+    help="Number of parallel workers",
+)

 @click.option(
     "-q",
     "--quiet",
 @click.option(
     "-q",
     "--quiet",


@@ -336,7 +396,13 @@ def validate_regex(
         " due to exclusion patterns."
     ),
 )
         " due to exclusion patterns."
     ),
 )

-@click.version_option(version=__version__)
+@click.version_option(
+    version=__version__,
+    message=(
+        f"%(prog)s, %(version)s (compiled: {'yes' if COMPILED else 'no'})\n"
+        f"Python ({platform.python_implementation()}) {platform.python_version()}"
+    ),
+)

 @click.argument(
     "src",
     nargs=-1,
 @click.argument(
     "src",
     nargs=-1,


@@ -361,7 +427,7 @@ def validate_regex(
     help="Read configuration from FILE path.",
 )
 @click.pass_context
     help="Read configuration from FILE path.",
 )
 @click.pass_context

-def main(
+def main(  # noqa: C901

     ctx: click.Context,
     code: Optional[str],
     line_length: int,
     ctx: click.Context,
     code: Optional[str],
     line_length: int,


@@ -372,26 +438,83 @@ def main(
     fast: bool,
     pyi: bool,
     ipynb: bool,
     fast: bool,
     pyi: bool,
     ipynb: bool,

+    python_cell_magics: Sequence[str],

     skip_string_normalization: bool,
     skip_magic_trailing_comma: bool,
     experimental_string_processing: bool,
     skip_string_normalization: bool,
     skip_magic_trailing_comma: bool,
     experimental_string_processing: bool,

+    preview: bool,

     quiet: bool,
     verbose: bool,
     quiet: bool,
     verbose: bool,

-    required_version: str,
-    include: Pattern,
-    exclude: Optional[Pattern],
-    extend_exclude: Optional[Pattern],
-    force_exclude: Optional[Pattern],
+    required_version: Optional[str],
+    include: Pattern[str],
+    exclude: Optional[Pattern[str]],
+    extend_exclude: Optional[Pattern[str]],
+    force_exclude: Optional[Pattern[str]],

     stdin_filename: Optional[str],
     stdin_filename: Optional[str],

+    workers: int,

     src: Tuple[str, ...],
     config: Optional[str],
 ) -> None:
     """The uncompromising code formatter."""
     src: Tuple[str, ...],
     config: Optional[str],
 ) -> None:
     """The uncompromising code formatter."""

-    if config and verbose:
-        out(f"Using configuration from {config}.", bold=False, fg="blue")
+    ctx.ensure_object(dict)
+
+    if src and code is not None:
+        out(
+            main.get_usage(ctx)
+            + "\n\n'SRC' and 'code' cannot be passed simultaneously."
+        )
+        ctx.exit(1)
+    if not src and code is None:
+        out(main.get_usage(ctx) + "\n\nOne of 'SRC' or 'code' is required.")
+        ctx.exit(1)
+
+    root, method = find_project_root(src) if code is None else (None, None)
+    ctx.obj["root"] = root
+
+    if verbose:
+        if root:
+            out(
+                f"Identified `{root}` as project root containing a {method}.",
+                fg="blue",
+            )
+
+            normalized = [
+                (normalize_path_maybe_ignore(Path(source), root), source)
+                for source in src
+            ]
+            srcs_string = ", ".join(
+                [
+                    f'"{_norm}"'
+                    if _norm
+                    else f'\033[31m"{source} (skipping - invalid)"\033[34m'
+                    for _norm, source in normalized
+                ]
+            )
+            out(f"Sources to be formatted: {srcs_string}", fg="blue")
+
+        if config:
+            config_source = ctx.get_parameter_source("config")
+            user_level_config = str(find_user_pyproject_toml())
+            if config == user_level_config:
+                out(
+                    "Using configuration from user-level config at "
+                    f"'{user_level_config}'.",
+                    fg="blue",
+                )
+            elif config_source in (
+                ParameterSource.DEFAULT,
+                ParameterSource.DEFAULT_MAP,
+            ):
+                out("Using configuration from project root.", fg="blue")
+            else:
+                out(f"Using configuration in '{config}'.", fg="blue")

 
     error_msg = "Oh no! 💥 💔 💥"
 
     error_msg = "Oh no! 💥 💔 💥"

-    if required_version and required_version != __version__:
+    if (
+        required_version
+        and required_version != __version__
+        and required_version != __version__.split(".")[0]
+    ):

         err(
             f"{error_msg} The required version `{required_version}` does not match"
             f" the running version `{__version__}`!"
         err(
             f"{error_msg} The required version `{required_version}` does not match"
             f" the running version `{__version__}`!"


@@ -415,6 +538,8 @@ def main(
         string_normalization=not skip_string_normalization,
         magic_trailing_comma=not skip_magic_trailing_comma,
         experimental_string_processing=experimental_string_processing,
         string_normalization=not skip_string_normalization,
         magic_trailing_comma=not skip_magic_trailing_comma,
         experimental_string_processing=experimental_string_processing,

+        preview=preview,
+        python_cell_magics=set(python_cell_magics),

     )
 
     if code is not None:
     )
 
     if code is not None:


@@ -468,9 +593,12 @@ def main(
                 write_back=write_back,
                 mode=mode,
                 report=report,
                 write_back=write_back,
                 mode=mode,
                 report=report,

+                workers=workers,

             )
 
     if verbose or not quiet:
             )
 
     if verbose or not quiet:

+        if code is None and (verbose or report.change_count or report.failure_count):
+            out()

         out(error_msg if report.return_code else "All done! ✨ 🍰 ✨")
         if code is None:
             click.echo(str(report), err=True)
         out(error_msg if report.return_code else "All done! ✨ 🍰 ✨")
         if code is None:
             click.echo(str(report), err=True)


@@ -491,14 +619,11 @@ def get_sources(
     stdin_filename: Optional[str],
 ) -> Set[Path]:
     """Compute the set of files to be formatted."""
     stdin_filename: Optional[str],
 ) -> Set[Path]:
     """Compute the set of files to be formatted."""

-
-    root = find_project_root(src)

     sources: Set[Path] = set()
     sources: Set[Path] = set()

-    path_empty(src, "No Path provided. Nothing to do 😴", quiet, verbose, ctx)

 
     if exclude is None:
         exclude = re_compile_maybe_verbose(DEFAULT_EXCLUDES)
 
     if exclude is None:
         exclude = re_compile_maybe_verbose(DEFAULT_EXCLUDES)

-        gitignore = get_gitignore(root)
+        gitignore = get_gitignore(ctx.obj["root"])

     else:
         gitignore = None
 
     else:
         gitignore = None
 


@@ -511,7 +636,7 @@ def get_sources(
             is_stdin = False
 
         if is_stdin or p.is_file():
             is_stdin = False
 
         if is_stdin or p.is_file():

-            normalized_path = normalize_path_maybe_ignore(p, root, report)
+            normalized_path = normalize_path_maybe_ignore(p, ctx.obj["root"], report)

             if normalized_path is None:
                 continue
 
             if normalized_path is None:
                 continue
 


@@ -538,7 +663,7 @@ def get_sources(
             sources.update(
                 gen_python_files(
                     p.iterdir(),
             sources.update(
                 gen_python_files(
                     p.iterdir(),

-                    root,
+                    ctx.obj["root"],

                     include,
                     exclude,
                     extend_exclude,
                     include,
                     exclude,
                     extend_exclude,


@@ -592,6 +717,9 @@ def reformat_code(
         report.failed(path, str(exc))
 
 
         report.failed(path, str(exc))
 
 

+# diff-shades depends on being to monkeypatch this function to operate. I know it's
+# not ideal, but this shouldn't cause any issues ... hopefully. ~ichard26
+@mypyc_attr(patchable=True)

 def reformat_one(
     src: Path, fast: bool, write_back: WriteBack, mode: Mode, report: "Report"
 ) -> None:
 def reformat_one(
     src: Path, fast: bool, write_back: WriteBack, mode: Mode, report: "Report"
 ) -> None:


@@ -643,25 +771,37 @@ def reformat_one(
         report.failed(src, str(exc))
 
 
         report.failed(src, str(exc))
 
 

+# diff-shades depends on being to monkeypatch this function to operate. I know it's
+# not ideal, but this shouldn't cause any issues ... hopefully. ~ichard26
+@mypyc_attr(patchable=True)

 def reformat_many(
 def reformat_many(

-    sources: Set[Path], fast: bool, write_back: WriteBack, mode: Mode, report: "Report"
+    sources: Set[Path],
+    fast: bool,
+    write_back: WriteBack,
+    mode: Mode,
+    report: "Report",
+    workers: Optional[int],

 ) -> None:
     """Reformat multiple files using a ProcessPoolExecutor."""
 ) -> None:
     """Reformat multiple files using a ProcessPoolExecutor."""

+    from concurrent.futures import Executor, ProcessPoolExecutor, ThreadPoolExecutor
+

     executor: Executor
     executor: Executor

-    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
-    worker_count = os.cpu_count()
+    worker_count = workers if workers is not None else DEFAULT_WORKERS

     if sys.platform == "win32":
         # Work around https://bugs.python.org/issue26903
     if sys.platform == "win32":
         # Work around https://bugs.python.org/issue26903

+        assert worker_count is not None

         worker_count = min(worker_count, 60)
     try:
         executor = ProcessPoolExecutor(max_workers=worker_count)
         worker_count = min(worker_count, 60)
     try:
         executor = ProcessPoolExecutor(max_workers=worker_count)

-    except (ImportError, OSError):
+    except (ImportError, NotImplementedError, OSError):

         # we arrive here if the underlying system does not support multi-processing
         # like in AWS Lambda or Termux, in which case we gracefully fallback to
         # a ThreadPoolExecutor with just a single worker (more workers would not do us
         # any good due to the Global Interpreter Lock)
         executor = ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=1)
 
         # we arrive here if the underlying system does not support multi-processing
         # like in AWS Lambda or Termux, in which case we gracefully fallback to
         # a ThreadPoolExecutor with just a single worker (more workers would not do us
         # any good due to the Global Interpreter Lock)
         executor = ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=1)
 

+    loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+    asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)

     try:
         loop.run_until_complete(
             schedule_formatting(
     try:
         loop.run_until_complete(
             schedule_formatting(


@@ -675,7 +815,10 @@ def reformat_many(
             )
         )
     finally:
             )
         )
     finally:

-        shutdown(loop)
+        try:
+            shutdown(loop)
+        finally:
+            asyncio.set_event_loop(None)

         if executor is not None:
             executor.shutdown()
 
         if executor is not None:
             executor.shutdown()
 


@@ -687,7 +830,7 @@ async def schedule_formatting(
     mode: Mode,
     report: "Report",
     loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop,
     mode: Mode,
     report: "Report",
     loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop,

-    executor: Executor,
+    executor: "Executor",

 ) -> None:
     """Run formatting of `sources` in parallel using the provided `executor`.
 
 ) -> None:
     """Run formatting of `sources` in parallel using the provided `executor`.
 


@@ -746,7 +889,10 @@ async def schedule_formatting(
                     sources_to_cache.append(src)
                 report.done(src, changed)
     if cancelled:
                     sources_to_cache.append(src)
                 report.done(src, changed)
     if cancelled:

-        await asyncio.gather(*cancelled, loop=loop, return_exceptions=True)
+        if sys.version_info >= (3, 7):
+            await asyncio.gather(*cancelled, return_exceptions=True)
+        else:
+            await asyncio.gather(*cancelled, loop=loop, return_exceptions=True)

     if sources_to_cache:
         write_cache(cache, sources_to_cache, mode)
 
     if sources_to_cache:
         write_cache(cache, sources_to_cache, mode)
 


@@ -777,7 +923,9 @@ def format_file_in_place(
     except NothingChanged:
         return False
     except JSONDecodeError:
     except NothingChanged:
         return False
     except JSONDecodeError:

-        raise ValueError(f"File '{src}' cannot be parsed as valid Jupyter notebook.")
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"File '{src}' cannot be parsed as valid Jupyter notebook."
+        ) from None

 
     if write_back == WriteBack.YES:
         with open(src, "w", encoding=encoding, newline=newline) as f:
 
     if write_back == WriteBack.YES:
         with open(src, "w", encoding=encoding, newline=newline) as f:


@@ -869,17 +1017,7 @@ def check_stability_and_equivalence(
     content differently.
     """
     assert_equivalent(src_contents, dst_contents)
     content differently.
     """
     assert_equivalent(src_contents, dst_contents)

-
-    # Forced second pass to work around optional trailing commas (becoming
-    # forced trailing commas on pass 2) interacting differently with optional
-    # parentheses.  Admittedly ugly.
-    dst_contents_pass2 = format_str(dst_contents, mode=mode)
-    if dst_contents != dst_contents_pass2:
-        dst_contents = dst_contents_pass2
-        assert_equivalent(src_contents, dst_contents, pass_num=2)
-        assert_stable(src_contents, dst_contents, mode=mode)
-    # Note: no need to explicitly call `assert_stable` if `dst_contents` was
-    # the same as `dst_contents_pass2`.
+    assert_stable(src_contents, dst_contents, mode=mode)

 
 
 def format_file_contents(src_contents: str, *, fast: bool, mode: Mode) -> FileContent:
 
 
 def format_file_contents(src_contents: str, *, fast: bool, mode: Mode) -> FileContent:


@@ -905,8 +1043,10 @@ def format_file_contents(src_contents: str, *, fast: bool, mode: Mode) -> FileCo
     return dst_contents
 
 
     return dst_contents
 
 

-def validate_cell(src: str) -> None:
-    """Check that cell does not already contain TransformerManager transformations.
+def validate_cell(src: str, mode: Mode) -> None:
+    """Check that cell does not already contain TransformerManager transformations,
+    or non-Python cell magics, which might cause tokenizer_rt to break because of
+    indentations.

 
     If a cell contains ``!ls``, then it'll be transformed to
     ``get_ipython().system('ls')``. However, if the cell originally contained
 
     If a cell contains ``!ls``, then it'll be transformed to
     ``get_ipython().system('ls')``. However, if the cell originally contained


@@ -922,6 +1062,11 @@ def validate_cell(src: str) -> None:
     """
     if any(transformed_magic in src for transformed_magic in TRANSFORMED_MAGICS):
         raise NothingChanged
     """
     if any(transformed_magic in src for transformed_magic in TRANSFORMED_MAGICS):
         raise NothingChanged

+    if (
+        src[:2] == "%%"
+        and src.split()[0][2:] not in PYTHON_CELL_MAGICS | mode.python_cell_magics
+    ):
+        raise NothingChanged

 
 
 def format_cell(src: str, *, fast: bool, mode: Mode) -> str:
 
 
 def format_cell(src: str, *, fast: bool, mode: Mode) -> str:


@@ -940,14 +1085,14 @@ def format_cell(src: str, *, fast: bool, mode: Mode) -> str:
     could potentially be automagics or multi-line magics, which
     are currently not supported.
     """
     could potentially be automagics or multi-line magics, which
     are currently not supported.
     """

-    validate_cell(src)
+    validate_cell(src, mode)

     src_without_trailing_semicolon, has_trailing_semicolon = remove_trailing_semicolon(
         src
     )
     try:
         masked_src, replacements = mask_cell(src_without_trailing_semicolon)
     except SyntaxError:
     src_without_trailing_semicolon, has_trailing_semicolon = remove_trailing_semicolon(
         src
     )
     try:
         masked_src, replacements = mask_cell(src_without_trailing_semicolon)
     except SyntaxError:

-        raise NothingChanged
+        raise NothingChanged from None

     masked_dst = format_str(masked_src, mode=mode)
     if not fast:
         check_stability_and_equivalence(masked_src, masked_dst, mode=mode)
     masked_dst = format_str(masked_src, mode=mode)
     if not fast:
         check_stability_and_equivalence(masked_src, masked_dst, mode=mode)


@@ -957,7 +1102,7 @@ def format_cell(src: str, *, fast: bool, mode: Mode) -> str:
     )
     dst = dst.rstrip("\n")
     if dst == src:
     )
     dst = dst.rstrip("\n")
     if dst == src:

-        raise NothingChanged
+        raise NothingChanged from None

     return dst
 
 
     return dst
 
 


@@ -970,7 +1115,7 @@ def validate_metadata(nb: MutableMapping[str, Any]) -> None:
     """
     language = nb.get("metadata", {}).get("language_info", {}).get("name", None)
     if language is not None and language != "python":
     """
     language = nb.get("metadata", {}).get("language_info", {}).get("name", None)
     if language is not None and language != "python":

-        raise NothingChanged
+        raise NothingChanged from None

 
 
 def format_ipynb_string(src_contents: str, *, fast: bool, mode: Mode) -> FileContent:
 
 
 def format_ipynb_string(src_contents: str, *, fast: bool, mode: Mode) -> FileContent:


@@ -1002,7 +1147,7 @@ def format_ipynb_string(src_contents: str, *, fast: bool, mode: Mode) -> FileCon
         raise NothingChanged
 
 
         raise NothingChanged
 
 

-def format_str(src_contents: str, *, mode: Mode) -> FileContent:
+def format_str(src_contents: str, *, mode: Mode) -> str:

     """Reformat a string and return new contents.
 
     `mode` determines formatting options, such as how many characters per line are
     """Reformat a string and return new contents.
 
     `mode` determines formatting options, such as how many characters per line are


@@ -1032,19 +1177,26 @@ def format_str(src_contents: str, *, mode: Mode) -> FileContent:
         hey
 
     """
         hey
 
     """

+    dst_contents = _format_str_once(src_contents, mode=mode)
+    # Forced second pass to work around optional trailing commas (becoming
+    # forced trailing commas on pass 2) interacting differently with optional
+    # parentheses.  Admittedly ugly.
+    if src_contents != dst_contents:
+        return _format_str_once(dst_contents, mode=mode)
+    return dst_contents
+
+
+def _format_str_once(src_contents: str, *, mode: Mode) -> str:

     src_node = lib2to3_parse(src_contents.lstrip(), mode.target_versions)
     dst_contents = []
     src_node = lib2to3_parse(src_contents.lstrip(), mode.target_versions)
     dst_contents = []

-    future_imports = get_future_imports(src_node)

     if mode.target_versions:
         versions = mode.target_versions
     else:
     if mode.target_versions:
         versions = mode.target_versions
     else:

-        versions = detect_target_versions(src_node)
-    normalize_fmt_off(src_node)
-    lines = LineGenerator(
-        mode=mode,
-        remove_u_prefix="unicode_literals" in future_imports
-        or supports_feature(versions, Feature.UNICODE_LITERALS),
-    )
+        future_imports = get_future_imports(src_node)
+        versions = detect_target_versions(src_node, future_imports=future_imports)
+
+    normalize_fmt_off(src_node, preview=mode.preview)
+    lines = LineGenerator(mode=mode)

     elt = EmptyLineTracker(is_pyi=mode.is_pyi)
     empty_line = Line(mode=mode)
     after = 0
     elt = EmptyLineTracker(is_pyi=mode.is_pyi)
     empty_line = Line(mode=mode)
     after = 0


@@ -1081,7 +1233,9 @@ def decode_bytes(src: bytes) -> Tuple[FileContent, Encoding, NewLine]:
         return tiow.read(), encoding, newline
 
 
         return tiow.read(), encoding, newline
 
 

-def get_features_used(node: Node) -> Set[Feature]:
+def get_features_used(  # noqa: C901
+    node: Node, *, future_imports: Optional[Set[str]] = None
+) -> Set[Feature]:

     """Return a set of (relatively) new Python features used in this file.
 
     Currently looking for:
     """Return a set of (relatively) new Python features used in this file.
 
     Currently looking for:


@@ -1091,20 +1245,33 @@ def get_features_used(node: Node) -> Set[Feature]:
     - positional only arguments in function signatures and lambdas;
     - assignment expression;
     - relaxed decorator syntax;
     - positional only arguments in function signatures and lambdas;
     - assignment expression;
     - relaxed decorator syntax;

+    - usage of __future__ flags (annotations);
+    - print / exec statements;

     """
     features: Set[Feature] = set()
     """
     features: Set[Feature] = set()

+    if future_imports:
+        features |= {
+            FUTURE_FLAG_TO_FEATURE[future_import]
+            for future_import in future_imports
+            if future_import in FUTURE_FLAG_TO_FEATURE
+        }
+

     for n in node.pre_order():
     for n in node.pre_order():

-        if n.type == token.STRING:
-            value_head = n.value[:2]  # type: ignore
+        if is_string_token(n):
+            value_head = n.value[:2]

             if value_head in {'f"', 'F"', "f'", "F'", "rf", "fr", "RF", "FR"}:
                 features.add(Feature.F_STRINGS)
 
             if value_head in {'f"', 'F"', "f'", "F'", "rf", "fr", "RF", "FR"}:
                 features.add(Feature.F_STRINGS)
 

-        elif n.type == token.NUMBER:
-            if "_" in n.value:  # type: ignore
+        elif is_number_token(n):
+            if "_" in n.value:

                 features.add(Feature.NUMERIC_UNDERSCORES)
 
         elif n.type == token.SLASH:
                 features.add(Feature.NUMERIC_UNDERSCORES)
 
         elif n.type == token.SLASH:

-            if n.parent and n.parent.type in {syms.typedargslist, syms.arglist}:
+            if n.parent and n.parent.type in {
+                syms.typedargslist,
+                syms.arglist,
+                syms.varargslist,
+            }:

                 features.add(Feature.POS_ONLY_ARGUMENTS)
 
         elif n.type == token.COLONEQUAL:
                 features.add(Feature.POS_ONLY_ARGUMENTS)
 
         elif n.type == token.COLONEQUAL:


@@ -1135,12 +1302,48 @@ def get_features_used(node: Node) -> Set[Feature]:
                         if argch.type in STARS:
                             features.add(feature)
 
                         if argch.type in STARS:
                             features.add(feature)
 

+        elif (
+            n.type in {syms.return_stmt, syms.yield_expr}
+            and len(n.children) >= 2
+            and n.children[1].type == syms.testlist_star_expr
+            and any(child.type == syms.star_expr for child in n.children[1].children)
+        ):
+            features.add(Feature.UNPACKING_ON_FLOW)
+
+        elif (
+            n.type == syms.annassign
+            and len(n.children) >= 4
+            and n.children[3].type == syms.testlist_star_expr
+        ):
+            features.add(Feature.ANN_ASSIGN_EXTENDED_RHS)
+
+        elif (
+            n.type == syms.except_clause
+            and len(n.children) >= 2
+            and n.children[1].type == token.STAR
+        ):
+            features.add(Feature.EXCEPT_STAR)
+
+        elif n.type in {syms.subscriptlist, syms.trailer} and any(
+            child.type == syms.star_expr for child in n.children
+        ):
+            features.add(Feature.VARIADIC_GENERICS)
+
+        elif (
+            n.type == syms.tname_star
+            and len(n.children) == 3
+            and n.children[2].type == syms.star_expr
+        ):
+            features.add(Feature.VARIADIC_GENERICS)
+

     return features
 
 
     return features
 
 

-def detect_target_versions(node: Node) -> Set[TargetVersion]:
+def detect_target_versions(
+    node: Node, *, future_imports: Optional[Set[str]] = None
+) -> Set[TargetVersion]:

     """Detect the version to target based on the nodes used."""
     """Detect the version to target based on the nodes used."""

-    features = get_features_used(node)
+    features = get_features_used(node, future_imports=future_imports)

     return {
         version for version in TargetVersion if features <= VERSION_TO_FEATURES[version]
     }
     return {
         version for version in TargetVersion if features <= VERSION_TO_FEATURES[version]
     }


@@ -1196,22 +1399,24 @@ def get_future_imports(node: Node) -> Set[str]:
     return imports
 
 
     return imports
 
 

-def assert_equivalent(src: str, dst: str, *, pass_num: int = 1) -> None:
+def assert_equivalent(src: str, dst: str) -> None:

     """Raise AssertionError if `src` and `dst` aren't equivalent."""
     try:
         src_ast = parse_ast(src)
     except Exception as exc:
         raise AssertionError(
     """Raise AssertionError if `src` and `dst` aren't equivalent."""
     try:
         src_ast = parse_ast(src)
     except Exception as exc:
         raise AssertionError(

-            "cannot use --safe with this file; failed to parse source file.  AST"
-            f" error message: {exc}"
-        )
+            "cannot use --safe with this file; failed to parse source file AST: "
+            f"{exc}\n"
+            "This could be caused by running Black with an older Python version "
+            "that does not support new syntax used in your source file."
+        ) from exc

 
     try:
         dst_ast = parse_ast(dst)
     except Exception as exc:
         log = dump_to_file("".join(traceback.format_tb(exc.__traceback__)), dst)
         raise AssertionError(
 
     try:
         dst_ast = parse_ast(dst)
     except Exception as exc:
         log = dump_to_file("".join(traceback.format_tb(exc.__traceback__)), dst)
         raise AssertionError(

-            f"INTERNAL ERROR: Black produced invalid code on pass {pass_num}: {exc}. "
+            f"INTERNAL ERROR: Black produced invalid code: {exc}. "

             "Please report a bug on https://github.com/psf/black/issues.  "
             f"This invalid output might be helpful: {log}"
         ) from None
             "Please report a bug on https://github.com/psf/black/issues.  "
             f"This invalid output might be helpful: {log}"
         ) from None


@@ -1222,14 +1427,17 @@ def assert_equivalent(src: str, dst: str, *, pass_num: int = 1) -> None:
         log = dump_to_file(diff(src_ast_str, dst_ast_str, "src", "dst"))
         raise AssertionError(
             "INTERNAL ERROR: Black produced code that is not equivalent to the"
         log = dump_to_file(diff(src_ast_str, dst_ast_str, "src", "dst"))
         raise AssertionError(
             "INTERNAL ERROR: Black produced code that is not equivalent to the"

-            f" source on pass {pass_num}.  Please report a bug on "
+            " source.  Please report a bug on "

             f"https://github.com/psf/black/issues.  This diff might be helpful: {log}"
         ) from None
 
 
 def assert_stable(src: str, dst: str, mode: Mode) -> None:
     """Raise AssertionError if `dst` reformats differently the second time."""
             f"https://github.com/psf/black/issues.  This diff might be helpful: {log}"
         ) from None
 
 
 def assert_stable(src: str, dst: str, mode: Mode) -> None:
     """Raise AssertionError if `dst` reformats differently the second time."""

-    newdst = format_str(dst, mode=mode)
+    # We shouldn't call format_str() here, because that formats the string
+    # twice and may hide a bug where we bounce back and forth between two
+    # versions.
+    newdst = _format_str_once(dst, mode=mode)

     if dst != newdst:
         log = dump_to_file(
             str(mode),
     if dst != newdst:
         log = dump_to_file(
             str(mode),


@@ -1263,13 +1471,23 @@ def patch_click() -> None:
     file paths is minimal since it's Python source code.  Moreover, this crash was
     spurious on Python 3.7 thanks to PEP 538 and PEP 540.
     """
     file paths is minimal since it's Python source code.  Moreover, this crash was
     spurious on Python 3.7 thanks to PEP 538 and PEP 540.
     """

+    modules: List[Any] = []

     try:
         from click import core
     try:
         from click import core

+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        modules.append(core)
+    try:
+        # Removed in Click 8.1.0 and newer; we keep this around for users who have
+        # older versions installed.

         from click import _unicodefun  # type: ignore
         from click import _unicodefun  # type: ignore

-    except ModuleNotFoundError:
-        return
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        modules.append(_unicodefun)

 
 

-    for module in (core, _unicodefun):
+    for module in modules:

         if hasattr(module, "_verify_python3_env"):
             module._verify_python3_env = lambda: None  # type: ignore
         if hasattr(module, "_verify_python_env"):
         if hasattr(module, "_verify_python3_env"):
             module._verify_python3_env = lambda: None  # type: ignore
         if hasattr(module, "_verify_python_env"):