<h2 align="center">The Uncompromising Code Formatter</h2>
<p align="center">
-<a href="https://travis-ci.com/psf/black"><img alt="Build Status" src="https://travis-ci.com/psf/black.svg?branch=master"></a>
<a href="https://github.com/psf/black/actions"><img alt="Actions Status" src="https://github.com/psf/black/workflows/Test/badge.svg"></a>
<a href="https://github.com/psf/black/actions"><img alt="Actions Status" src="https://github.com/psf/black/workflows/Primer/badge.svg"></a>
<a href="https://black.readthedocs.io/en/stable/?badge=stable"><img alt="Documentation Status" src="https://readthedocs.org/projects/black/badge/?version=stable"></a>
<a href="https://github.com/psf/black/blob/master/LICENSE"><img alt="License: MIT" src="https://black.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_static/license.svg"></a>
<a href="https://pypi.org/project/black/"><img alt="PyPI" src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/black"></a>
<a href="https://pepy.tech/project/black"><img alt="Downloads" src="https://pepy.tech/badge/black"></a>
+<a href="https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/black/"><img alt="conda-forge" src="https://img.shields.io/conda/dn/conda-forge/black.svg?label=conda-forge"></a>
<a href="https://github.com/psf/black"><img alt="Code style: black" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg"></a>
</p>
### Installation
-_Black_ can be installed by running `pip install black`. It requires Python 3.6.0+ to
-run but you can reformat Python 2 code with it, too.
+_Black_ can be installed by running `pip install black`. It requires Python 3.6.2+ to
+run. If you want to format Python 2 code as well, install with
+`pip install black[python2]`.
#### Install from GitHub
-l, --line-length INTEGER How many characters per line to allow.
[default: 88]
- -t, --target-version [py27|py33|py34|py35|py36|py37|py38]
+ -t, --target-version [py27|py33|py34|py35|py36|py37|py38|py39]
Python versions that should be supported by
Black's output. [default: per-file auto-
detection]
-S, --skip-string-normalization
Don't normalize string quotes or prefixes.
+ -C, --skip-magic-trailing-comma
+ Don't use trailing commas as a reason to
+ split lines.
+
--check Don't write the files back, just return the
- status. Return code 0 means nothing would
- change. Return code 1 means some files
+ status. Return code 0 means nothing would
+ change. Return code 1 means some files
would be reformatted. Return code 123 means
there was an internal error.
--include TEXT A regular expression that matches files and
directories that should be included on
- recursive searches. An empty value means
+ recursive searches. An empty value means
all files are included regardless of the
- name. Use forward slashes for directories
- on all platforms (Windows, too). Exclusions
+ name. Use forward slashes for directories
+ on all platforms (Windows, too). Exclusions
are calculated first, inclusions later.
[default: \.pyi?$]
--exclude TEXT A regular expression that matches files and
directories that should be excluded on
- recursive searches. An empty value means no
+ recursive searches. An empty value means no
paths are excluded. Use forward slashes for
directories on all platforms (Windows, too).
Exclusions are calculated first, inclusions
- later. [default: /(\.eggs|\.git|\.hg|\.mypy
- _cache|\.nox|\.tox|\.venv|\.svn|_build|buck-
- out|build|dist)/]
+ later. [default: /(\.direnv|\.eggs|\.git|\.
+ hg|\.mypy_cache|\.nox|\.tox|\.venv|venv|\.sv
+ n|_build|buck-out|build|dist)/]
+
+ --extend-exclude TEXT Like --exclude, but adds additional files
+ and directories on top of the excluded
+ ones (useful if you simply want to add to
+ the default).
--force-exclude TEXT Like --exclude, but files and directories
matching this regex will be excluded even
- when they are passed explicitly as arguments
+ when they are passed explicitly as
+ arguments.
+
+
+ --stdin-filename TEXT The name of the file when passing it through
+ stdin. Useful to make sure Black will
+ respect --force-exclude option on some
+ editors that rely on using stdin.
-q, --quiet Don't emit non-error messages to stderr.
Errors are still emitted; silence those with
-v, --verbose Also emit messages to stderr about files
that were not changed or were ignored due to
- --exclude=.
+ exclusion patterns.
--version Show the version and exit.
--config FILE Read configuration from FILE path.
should be configured to neither warn about nor overwrite _Black_'s changes.
Actual details on _Black_ compatible configurations for various tools can be found in
-[compatible_configs](https://github.com/psf/black/blob/master/docs/compatible_configs.md).
+[compatible_configs](https://github.com/psf/black/blob/master/docs/compatible_configs.md#black-compatible-configurations).
### Migrating your code style without ruining git blame
### NOTE: This is a beta product
-_Black_ is already [successfully used](#used-by) by many projects, small and big. It
-also sports a decent test suite. However, it is still very new. Things will probably be
-wonky for a while. This is made explicit by the "Beta" trove classifier, as well as by
-the "b" in the version number. What this means for you is that **until the formatter
-becomes stable, you should expect some formatting to change in the future**. That being
-said, no drastic stylistic changes are planned, mostly responses to bug reports.
+_Black_ is already [successfully used](https://github.com/psf/black#used-by) by many
+projects, small and big. It also sports a decent test suite. However, it is still very
+new. Things will probably be wonky for a while. This is made explicit by the "Beta"
+trove classifier, as well as by the "b" in the version number. What this means for you
+is that **until the formatter becomes stable, you should expect some formatting to
+change in the future**. That being said, no drastic stylistic changes are planned,
+mostly responses to bug reports.
-Also, as a temporary safety measure, _Black_ will check that the reformatted code still
-produces a valid AST that is equivalent to the original. This slows it down. If you're
-feeling confident, use `--fast`.
+Also, as a safety measure which slows down processing, _Black_ will check that the
+reformatted code still produces a valid AST that is effectively equivalent to the
+original (see the
+[Pragmatism](https://github.com/psf/black/blob/master/docs/the_black_code_style.md#pragmatism)
+section for details). If you're feeling confident, use `--fast`.
## The _Black_ code style
_Black_ is a PEP 8 compliant opinionated formatter. _Black_ reformats entire files in
place. It is not configurable. It doesn't take previous formatting into account. Your
main option of configuring _Black_ is that it doesn't reformat blocks that start with
-`# fmt: off` and end with `# fmt: on`. `# fmt: on/off` have to be on the same level of
-indentation. To learn more about _Black_'s opinions, to go
+`# fmt: off` and end with `# fmt: on`, or lines that ends with `# fmt: skip`. Pay
+attention that `# fmt: on/off` have to be on the same level of indentation. To learn
+more about _Black_'s opinions, to go
[the_black_code_style](https://github.com/psf/black/blob/master/docs/the_black_code_style.md).
Please refer to this document before submitting an issue. What seems like a bug might be
_Black_ is able to read project-specific default values for its command line options
from a `pyproject.toml` file. This is especially useful for specifying custom
-`--include` and `--exclude` patterns for your project.
+`--include` and `--exclude`/`--extend-exclude` patterns for your project.
**Pro-tip**: If you're asking yourself "Do I need to configure anything?" the answer is
"No". _Black_ is all about sensible defaults.
If you're formatting standard input, _Black_ will look for configuration starting from
the current working directory.
+You can use a "global" configuration, stored in a specific location in your home
+directory. This will be used as a fallback configuration, that is, it will be used if
+and only if _Black_ doesn't find any configuration as mentioned above. Depending on your
+operating system, this configuration file should be stored as:
+
+- Windows: `~\.black`
+- Unix-like (Linux, MacOS, etc.): `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/black` (`~/.config/black` if the
+ `XDG_CONFIG_HOME` environment variable is not set)
+
+Note that these are paths to the TOML file itself (meaning that they shouldn't be named
+as `pyproject.toml`), not directories where you store the configuration. Here, `~`
+refers to the path to your home directory. On Windows, this will be something like
+`C:\\Users\UserName`.
+
You can also explicitly specify the path to a particular file that you want with
`--config`. In this situation _Black_ will not look for any other file.
expressions by Black. Use `[ ]` to denote a significant space character.
<details>
-<summary>Example `pyproject.toml`</summary>
+<summary>Example <code>pyproject.toml</code></summary>
```toml
[tool.black]
line-length = 88
target-version = ['py37']
include = '\.pyi?$'
-exclude = '''
-
-(
- /(
- \.eggs # exclude a few common directories in the
- | \.git # root of the project
- | \.hg
- | \.mypy_cache
- | \.tox
- | \.venv
- | _build
- | buck-out
- | build
- | dist
- )/
- | foo.py # also separately exclude a file named foo.py in
- # the root of the project
-)
+extend-exclude = '''
+# A regex preceded with ^/ will apply only to files and directories
+# in the root of the project.
+^/foo.py # exclude a file named foo.py in the root of the project (in addition to the defaults)
'''
```
```yaml
repos:
- repo: https://github.com/psf/black
- rev: 19.10b0 # Replace by any tag/version: https://github.com/psf/black/tags
+ rev: 20.8b1 # Replace by any tag/version: https://github.com/psf/black/tags
hooks:
- id: black
language_version: python3 # Should be a command that runs python3.6+
- uses: actions/checkout@v2
- uses: actions/setup-python@v2
- uses: psf/black@stable
+ with:
+ args: ". --check"
```
+### Inputs
+
+#### `black_args`
+
+**optional**: Black input arguments. Defaults to `. --check --diff`.
+
## Ignoring unmodified files
_Black_ remembers files it has already formatted, unless the `--diff` flag is used or
The following notable open-source projects trust _Black_ with enforcing a consistent
code style: pytest, tox, Pyramid, Django Channels, Hypothesis, attrs, SQLAlchemy,
Poetry, PyPA applications (Warehouse, Bandersnatch, Pipenv, virtualenv), pandas, Pillow,
-every Datadog Agent Integration, Home Assistant.
+every Datadog Agent Integration, Home Assistant, Zulip.
The following organizations use _Black_: Facebook, Dropbox, Mozilla, Quora.
Use the badge in your project's README.md:
-```markdown
+```md
[](https://github.com/psf/black)
```
[Carl Meyer](mailto:carl@oddbird.net),
[Jelle Zijlstra](mailto:jelle.zijlstra@gmail.com),
[Mika Naylor](mailto:mail@autophagy.io),
-[Zsolt Dollenstein](mailto:zsol.zsol@gmail.com), and
-[Cooper Lees](mailto:me@cooperlees.com).
+[Zsolt Dollenstein](mailto:zsol.zsol@gmail.com),
+[Cooper Lees](mailto:me@cooperlees.com), and Richard Si.
Multiple contributions by:
- [Christian Clauss](mailto:cclauss@bluewin.ch)
- [Christian Heimes](mailto:christian@python.org)
- [Chuck Wooters](mailto:chuck.wooters@microsoft.com)
+- [Chris Rose](mailto:offline@offby1.net)
- Codey Oxley
- [Cong](mailto:congusbongus@gmail.com)
- [Cooper Ry Lees](mailto:me@cooperlees.com)
- [Gregory P. Smith](mailto:greg@krypto.org)
- Gustavo Camargo
- hauntsaninja
+- [Hadi Alqattan](mailto:alqattanhadizaki@gmail.com)
- [Heaford](mailto:dan@heaford.com)
- [Hugo Barrera](mailto::hugo@barrera.io)
- Hugo van Kemenade
- [Joseph Larson](mailto:larson.joseph@gmail.com)
- [Josh Bode](mailto:joshbode@fastmail.com)
- [Josh Holland](mailto:anowlcalledjosh@gmail.com)
+- [Joshua Cannon](mailto:joshdcannon@gmail.com)
- [José Padilla](mailto:jpadilla@webapplicate.com)
- [Juan Luis Cano Rodríguez](mailto:hello@juanlu.space)
- [kaiix](mailto:kvn.hou@gmail.com)
- [Miroslav Shubernetskiy](mailto:miroslav@miki725.com)
- MomIsBestFriend
- [Nathan Goldbaum](mailto:ngoldbau@illinois.edu)
-- [Nathan Hunt](mailtoneighthan.hunt@gmail.com)
+- [Nathan Hunt](mailto:neighthan.hunt@gmail.com)
- [Neraste](mailto:neraste.herr10@gmail.com)
- [Nikolaus Waxweiler](mailto:madigens@gmail.com)
- [Ofek Lev](mailto:ofekmeister@gmail.com)
- [Paul Ganssle](mailto:p.ganssle@gmail.com)
- [Paul Meinhardt](mailto:mnhrdt@gmail.com)
- [Peter Bengtsson](mailto:mail@peterbe.com)
+- [Peter Grayson](mailto:pete@jpgrayson.net)
- [Peter Stensmyr](mailto:peter.stensmyr@gmail.com)
- pmacosta
- [Quentin Pradet](mailto:quentin@pradet.me)
- Yazdan
- [Yngve Høiseth](mailto:yngve@hoiseth.net)
- [Yurii Karabas](mailto:1998uriyyo@gmail.com)
+- [Zac Hatfield-Dodds](mailto:zac@zhd.dev)
projects / etc / vim.git / blobdiff