Options:
-l, --line-length INTEGER Where to wrap around. [default: 88]
- --check Don't write back the files, just return the
+ --check Don't write the files back, just return the
status. Return code 0 means nothing would
change. Return code 1 means some files would be
reformatted. Return code 123 means there was an
internal error.
+ --diff Don't write the files back, just output a diff
+ for each file on stdout.
--fast / --safe If --fast given, skip temporary sanity checks.
[default: --safe]
--version Show the version and exit.
debug: bool = False,
):
"""Applies `variables` to the `template` and writes to `file`."""
- with open(file, 'w') as f:
+ with open(file, "w") as f:
...
```
recognize it was safe to do so, put it there manually and *Black* will
keep it.
+### Strings
+
+*Black* prefers double quotes (`"` and `"""`) over single quotes (`'`
+and `'''`). It will replace the latter with the former as long as it
+does not result in more backslash escapes than before.
+
+The main reason to standardize on a single form of quotes is aesthetics.
+Having one kind of quotes everywhere reduces reader distraction.
+It will also enable a future version of *Black* to merge consecutive
+string literals that ended up on the same line (see
+[#26](https://github.com/ambv/black/issues/26) for details).
+
+Why settle on double quotes? They anticipate apostrophes in English
+text. They match the docstring standard described in PEP 257. An
+empty string in double quotes (`""`) is impossible to confuse with
+a one double-quote regardless of fonts and syntax highlighting used.
+On top of this, double quotes for strings are consistent with C which
+Python interacts a lot with.
+
+On certain keyboard layouts like US English, typing single quotes is
+a bit easier than double quotes. The latter requires use of the Shift
+key. My recommendation here is to keep using whatever is faster to type
+and let *Black* handle the transformation.
+
## Editor integration
-* Visual Studio Code: [joslarson.black-vscode](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=joslarson.black-vscode)
-* Emacs: [proofit404/blacken](https://github.com/proofit404/blacken)
+### Emacs
+
+Use [proofit404/blacken](https://github.com/proofit404/blacken).
+
+
+### Vim
+
+Commands and shortcuts:
+
+* `,=` or `:Black` to format the entire file (ranges not supported);
+* `:BlackUpgrade` to upgrade *Black* inside the virtualenv;
+* `:BlackVersion` to get the current version of *Black* inside the
+ virtualenv.
+
+Configuration:
+* `g:black_fast` (defaults to `0`)
+* `g:black_linelength` (defaults to `88`)
+* `g:black_virtualenv` (defaults to `~/.vim/black`)
+
+To install, copy the plugin from [vim/plugin/black.vim](https://github.com/ambv/black/tree/master/vim/plugin/black.vim).
+Let me know if this requires any changes to work with Vim 8's builtin
+`packadd`, or Pathogen, or Vundle, and so on.
+
+This plugin **requires Vim 7.0+ built with Python 3.6+ support**. It
+needs Python 3.6 to be able to run *Black* inside the Vim process which
+is much faster than calling an external command.
+
+On first run, the plugin creates its own virtualenv using the right
+Python version and automatically installs *Black*. You can upgrade it later
+by calling `:BlackUpgrade` and restarting Vim.
+
+If you need to do anything special to make your virtualenv work and
+install *Black* (for example you want to run a version from master), just
+create a virtualenv manually and point `g:black_virtualenv` to it.
+The plugin will use it.
+
+**How to get Vim with Python 3.6?**
+On Ubuntu 17.10 Vim comes with Python 3.6 by default.
+On macOS with HomeBrew run: `brew install vim --with-python3`.
+When building Vim from source, use:
+`./configure --enable-python3interp=yes`. There's many guides online how
+to do this.
+
+
+### Visual Studio Code
+
+Use [joslarson.black-vscode](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=joslarson.black-vscode).
+
+
+### Other editors
+
+Atom/Nuclide integration is planned by the author, others will
+require external contributions.
+
+Patches welcome! ✨ 🍰 ✨
Any tool that can pipe code through *Black* using its stdio mode (just
[use `-` as the file name](http://www.tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/special-chars.html#DASHREF2)).
passed). *Black* will still emit messages on stderr but that shouldn't
affect your use case.
-Vim and Atom/Nuclide integration is planned by the author, others will
-require external contributions.
-
-Patches welcome! ✨ 🍰 ✨
+This can be used for example with PyCharm's [File Watchers](https://www.jetbrains.com/help/pycharm/file-watchers.html).
## Testimonials
### 18.3a5 (unreleased)
+* added `--diff` (#87)
+
+* add line breaks before all delimiters, except in cases like commas, to
+ better comply with PEP 8 (#73)
+
+* standardize string literals to use double quotes (almost) everywhere
+ (#75)
+
+* fixed handling of standalone comments within nested bracketed
+ expressions; Black will no longer produce super long lines or put all
+ standalone comments at the end of the expression (#22)
+
* fixed 18.3a4 regression: don't crash and burn on empty lines with
trailing whitespace (#80)
+* when CTRL+C is pressed while formatting many files, Black no longer
+ freaks out with a flurry of asyncio-related exceptions
+
* only allow up to two empty lines on module level and only single empty
lines within functions (#74)
* [Daniel M. Capella](mailto:polycitizen@gmail.com)
* [Eli Treuherz](mailto:eli.treuherz@cgi.com)
* Hugo van Kemenade
-* [Mika⠙](mailto:mail@autophagy.io)
+* [Mika Naylor](mailto:mail@autophagy.io)
* [Osaetin Daniel](mailto:osaetindaniel@gmail.com)
projects / etc / vim.git / blobdiff