black-primer: Print summary after individual failures (#2570)

[etc/vim.git] / src / black / __init__.py

diff --git a/src/black/__init__.py b/src/black/__init__.py
index c61bc8c1d60e2f2b681a663e2b94435ce1439bf0..5c6cb672aa2ca3a745b403bccaae50f051c7ad53 100644 (file)
--- a/src/black/__init__.py
+++ b/src/black/__init__.py
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 import asyncio
 import asyncio

+from json.decoder import JSONDecodeError
+import json

 from concurrent.futures import Executor, ThreadPoolExecutor, ProcessPoolExecutor
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from datetime import datetime
 from concurrent.futures import Executor, ThreadPoolExecutor, ProcessPoolExecutor
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from datetime import datetime


@@ -7,6 +9,7 @@ import io
 from multiprocessing import Manager, freeze_support
 import os
 from pathlib import Path
 from multiprocessing import Manager, freeze_support
 import os
 from pathlib import Path

+from pathspec.patterns.gitwildmatch import GitWildMatchPatternError

 import regex as re
 import signal
 import sys
 import regex as re
 import signal
 import sys


@@ -18,6 +21,7 @@ from typing import (
     Generator,
     Iterator,
     List,
     Generator,
     Iterator,
     List,

+    MutableMapping,

     Optional,
     Pattern,
     Set,
     Optional,
     Pattern,
     Set,


@@ -38,14 +42,22 @@ from black.comments import normalize_fmt_off
 from black.mode import Mode, TargetVersion
 from black.mode import Feature, supports_feature, VERSION_TO_FEATURES
 from black.cache import read_cache, write_cache, get_cache_info, filter_cached, Cache
 from black.mode import Mode, TargetVersion
 from black.mode import Feature, supports_feature, VERSION_TO_FEATURES
 from black.cache import read_cache, write_cache, get_cache_info, filter_cached, Cache

-from black.concurrency import cancel, shutdown
-from black.output import dump_to_file, diff, color_diff, out, err
-from black.report import Report, Changed
+from black.concurrency import cancel, shutdown, maybe_install_uvloop
+from black.output import dump_to_file, ipynb_diff, diff, color_diff, out, err
+from black.report import Report, Changed, NothingChanged

 from black.files import find_project_root, find_pyproject_toml, parse_pyproject_toml
 from black.files import gen_python_files, get_gitignore, normalize_path_maybe_ignore
 from black.files import wrap_stream_for_windows
 from black.parsing import InvalidInput  # noqa F401
 from black.parsing import lib2to3_parse, parse_ast, stringify_ast
 from black.files import find_project_root, find_pyproject_toml, parse_pyproject_toml
 from black.files import gen_python_files, get_gitignore, normalize_path_maybe_ignore
 from black.files import wrap_stream_for_windows
 from black.parsing import InvalidInput  # noqa F401
 from black.parsing import lib2to3_parse, parse_ast, stringify_ast

+from black.handle_ipynb_magics import (
+    mask_cell,
+    unmask_cell,
+    remove_trailing_semicolon,
+    put_trailing_semicolon_back,
+    TRANSFORMED_MAGICS,
+    jupyter_dependencies_are_installed,
+)

 
 
 # lib2to3 fork
 
 
 # lib2to3 fork


@@ -54,17 +66,12 @@ from blib2to3.pgen2 import token
 
 from _black_version import version as __version__
 
 
 from _black_version import version as __version__
 

-

 # types
 FileContent = str
 Encoding = str
 NewLine = str
 
 
 # types
 FileContent = str
 Encoding = str
 NewLine = str
 
 

-class NothingChanged(UserWarning):
-    """Raised when reformatted code is the same as source."""
-
-

 class WriteBack(Enum):
     NO = 0
     YES = 1
 class WriteBack(Enum):
     NO = 0
     YES = 1


@@ -88,6 +95,8 @@ class WriteBack(Enum):
 # Legacy name, left for integrations.
 FileMode = Mode
 
 # Legacy name, left for integrations.
 FileMode = Mode
 

+DEFAULT_WORKERS = os.cpu_count()
+

 
 def read_pyproject_toml(
     ctx: click.Context, param: click.Parameter, value: Optional[str]
 
 def read_pyproject_toml(
     ctx: click.Context, param: click.Parameter, value: Optional[str]


@@ -107,7 +116,7 @@ def read_pyproject_toml(
     except (OSError, ValueError) as e:
         raise click.FileError(
             filename=value, hint=f"Error reading configuration file: {e}"
     except (OSError, ValueError) as e:
         raise click.FileError(
             filename=value, hint=f"Error reading configuration file: {e}"

-        )
+        ) from None

 
     if not config:
         return None
 
     if not config:
         return None


@@ -161,11 +170,11 @@ def validate_regex(
     ctx: click.Context,
     param: click.Parameter,
     value: Optional[str],
     ctx: click.Context,
     param: click.Parameter,
     value: Optional[str],

-) -> Optional[Pattern]:
+) -> Optional[Pattern[str]]:

     try:
         return re_compile_maybe_verbose(value) if value is not None else None
     except re.error:
     try:
         return re_compile_maybe_verbose(value) if value is not None else None
     except re.error:

-        raise click.BadParameter("Not a valid regular expression")
+        raise click.BadParameter("Not a valid regular expression") from None

 
 
 @click.command(context_settings=dict(help_option_names=["-h", "--help"]))
 
 
 @click.command(context_settings=dict(help_option_names=["-h", "--help"]))


@@ -197,6 +206,14 @@ def validate_regex(
         " when piping source on standard input)."
     ),
 )
         " when piping source on standard input)."
     ),
 )

+@click.option(
+    "--ipynb",
+    is_flag=True,
+    help=(
+        "Format all input files like Jupyter Notebooks regardless of file extension "
+        "(useful when piping source on standard input)."
+    ),
+)

 @click.option(
     "-S",
     "--skip-string-normalization",
 @click.option(
     "-S",
     "--skip-string-normalization",


@@ -242,6 +259,14 @@ def validate_regex(
     is_flag=True,
     help="If --fast given, skip temporary sanity checks. [default: --safe]",
 )
     is_flag=True,
     help="If --fast given, skip temporary sanity checks. [default: --safe]",
 )

+@click.option(
+    "--required-version",
+    type=str,
+    help=(
+        "Require a specific version of Black to be running (useful for unifying results"
+        " across many environments e.g. with a pyproject.toml file)."
+    ),
+)

 @click.option(
     "--include",
     type=str,
 @click.option(
     "--include",
     type=str,


@@ -295,6 +320,14 @@ def validate_regex(
         "editors that rely on using stdin."
     ),
 )
         "editors that rely on using stdin."
     ),
 )

+@click.option(
+    "-W",
+    "--workers",
+    type=click.IntRange(min=1),
+    default=DEFAULT_WORKERS,
+    show_default=True,
+    help="Number of parallel workers",
+)

 @click.option(
     "-q",
     "--quiet",
 @click.option(
     "-q",
     "--quiet",


@@ -321,6 +354,7 @@ def validate_regex(
         exists=True, file_okay=True, dir_okay=True, readable=True, allow_dash=True
     ),
     is_eager=True,
         exists=True, file_okay=True, dir_okay=True, readable=True, allow_dash=True
     ),
     is_eager=True,

+    metavar="SRC ...",

 )
 @click.option(
     "--config",
 )
 @click.option(
     "--config",


@@ -347,20 +381,37 @@ def main(
     color: bool,
     fast: bool,
     pyi: bool,
     color: bool,
     fast: bool,
     pyi: bool,

+    ipynb: bool,

     skip_string_normalization: bool,
     skip_magic_trailing_comma: bool,
     experimental_string_processing: bool,
     quiet: bool,
     verbose: bool,
     skip_string_normalization: bool,
     skip_magic_trailing_comma: bool,
     experimental_string_processing: bool,
     quiet: bool,
     verbose: bool,

-    include: Pattern,
-    exclude: Optional[Pattern],
-    extend_exclude: Optional[Pattern],
-    force_exclude: Optional[Pattern],
+    required_version: str,
+    include: Pattern[str],
+    exclude: Optional[Pattern[str]],
+    extend_exclude: Optional[Pattern[str]],
+    force_exclude: Optional[Pattern[str]],

     stdin_filename: Optional[str],
     stdin_filename: Optional[str],

+    workers: int,

     src: Tuple[str, ...],
     config: Optional[str],
 ) -> None:
     """The uncompromising code formatter."""
     src: Tuple[str, ...],
     config: Optional[str],
 ) -> None:
     """The uncompromising code formatter."""

+    if config and verbose:
+        out(f"Using configuration from {config}.", bold=False, fg="blue")
+
+    error_msg = "Oh no! 💥 💔 💥"
+    if required_version and required_version != __version__:
+        err(
+            f"{error_msg} The required version `{required_version}` does not match"
+            f" the running version `{__version__}`!"
+        )
+        ctx.exit(1)
+    if ipynb and pyi:
+        err("Cannot pass both `pyi` and `ipynb` flags!")
+        ctx.exit(1)
+

     write_back = WriteBack.from_configuration(check=check, diff=diff, color=color)
     if target_version:
         versions = set(target_version)
     write_back = WriteBack.from_configuration(check=check, diff=diff, color=color)
     if target_version:
         versions = set(target_version)


@@ -371,53 +422,70 @@ def main(
         target_versions=versions,
         line_length=line_length,
         is_pyi=pyi,
         target_versions=versions,
         line_length=line_length,
         is_pyi=pyi,

+        is_ipynb=ipynb,

         string_normalization=not skip_string_normalization,
         magic_trailing_comma=not skip_magic_trailing_comma,
         experimental_string_processing=experimental_string_processing,
     )
         string_normalization=not skip_string_normalization,
         magic_trailing_comma=not skip_magic_trailing_comma,
         experimental_string_processing=experimental_string_processing,
     )

-    if config and verbose:
-        out(f"Using configuration from {config}.", bold=False, fg="blue")
+

     if code is not None:
     if code is not None:

-        print(format_str(code, mode=mode))
-        ctx.exit(0)
-    report = Report(check=check, diff=diff, quiet=quiet, verbose=verbose)
-    sources = get_sources(
-        ctx=ctx,
-        src=src,
-        quiet=quiet,
-        verbose=verbose,
-        include=include,
-        exclude=exclude,
-        extend_exclude=extend_exclude,
-        force_exclude=force_exclude,
-        report=report,
-        stdin_filename=stdin_filename,
-    )
+        # Run in quiet mode by default with -c; the extra output isn't useful.
+        # You can still pass -v to get verbose output.
+        quiet = True

 
 

-    path_empty(
-        sources,
-        "No Python files are present to be formatted. Nothing to do 😴",
-        quiet,
-        verbose,
-        ctx,
-    )
+    report = Report(check=check, diff=diff, quiet=quiet, verbose=verbose)

 
 

-    if len(sources) == 1:
-        reformat_one(
-            src=sources.pop(),
-            fast=fast,
-            write_back=write_back,
-            mode=mode,
-            report=report,
+    if code is not None:
+        reformat_code(
+            content=code, fast=fast, write_back=write_back, mode=mode, report=report

         )
     else:
         )
     else:

-        reformat_many(
-            sources=sources, fast=fast, write_back=write_back, mode=mode, report=report
+        try:
+            sources = get_sources(
+                ctx=ctx,
+                src=src,
+                quiet=quiet,
+                verbose=verbose,
+                include=include,
+                exclude=exclude,
+                extend_exclude=extend_exclude,
+                force_exclude=force_exclude,
+                report=report,
+                stdin_filename=stdin_filename,
+            )
+        except GitWildMatchPatternError:
+            ctx.exit(1)
+
+        path_empty(
+            sources,
+            "No Python files are present to be formatted. Nothing to do 😴",
+            quiet,
+            verbose,
+            ctx,

         )
 
         )
 

+        if len(sources) == 1:
+            reformat_one(
+                src=sources.pop(),
+                fast=fast,
+                write_back=write_back,
+                mode=mode,
+                report=report,
+            )
+        else:
+            reformat_many(
+                sources=sources,
+                fast=fast,
+                write_back=write_back,
+                mode=mode,
+                report=report,
+                workers=workers,
+            )
+

     if verbose or not quiet:
     if verbose or not quiet:

-        out("Oh no! 💥 💔 💥" if report.return_code else "All done! ✨ 🍰 ✨")
-        click.secho(str(report), err=True)
+        out(error_msg if report.return_code else "All done! ✨ 🍰 ✨")
+        if code is None:
+            click.echo(str(report), err=True)

     ctx.exit(report.return_code)
 
 
     ctx.exit(report.return_code)
 
 


@@ -472,6 +540,11 @@ def get_sources(
             if is_stdin:
                 p = Path(f"{STDIN_PLACEHOLDER}{str(p)}")
 
             if is_stdin:
                 p = Path(f"{STDIN_PLACEHOLDER}{str(p)}")
 

+            if p.suffix == ".ipynb" and not jupyter_dependencies_are_installed(
+                verbose=verbose, quiet=quiet
+            ):
+                continue
+

             sources.add(p)
         elif p.is_dir():
             sources.update(
             sources.add(p)
         elif p.is_dir():
             sources.update(


@@ -484,6 +557,8 @@ def get_sources(
                     force_exclude,
                     report,
                     gitignore,
                     force_exclude,
                     report,
                     gitignore,

+                    verbose=verbose,
+                    quiet=quiet,

                 )
             )
         elif s == "-":
                 )
             )
         elif s == "-":


@@ -499,11 +574,36 @@ def path_empty(
     """
     Exit if there is no `src` provided for formatting
     """
     """
     Exit if there is no `src` provided for formatting
     """

-    if not src and (verbose or not quiet):
-        out(msg)
+    if not src:
+        if verbose or not quiet:
+            out(msg)

         ctx.exit(0)
 
 
         ctx.exit(0)
 
 

+def reformat_code(
+    content: str, fast: bool, write_back: WriteBack, mode: Mode, report: Report
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Reformat and print out `content` without spawning child processes.
+    Similar to `reformat_one`, but for string content.
+
+    `fast`, `write_back`, and `mode` options are passed to
+    :func:`format_file_in_place` or :func:`format_stdin_to_stdout`.
+    """
+    path = Path("<string>")
+    try:
+        changed = Changed.NO
+        if format_stdin_to_stdout(
+            content=content, fast=fast, write_back=write_back, mode=mode
+        ):
+            changed = Changed.YES
+        report.done(path, changed)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        if report.verbose:
+            traceback.print_exc()
+        report.failed(path, str(exc))
+
+

 def reformat_one(
     src: Path, fast: bool, write_back: WriteBack, mode: Mode, report: "Report"
 ) -> None:
 def reformat_one(
     src: Path, fast: bool, write_back: WriteBack, mode: Mode, report: "Report"
 ) -> None:


@@ -528,6 +628,8 @@ def reformat_one(
         if is_stdin:
             if src.suffix == ".pyi":
                 mode = replace(mode, is_pyi=True)
         if is_stdin:
             if src.suffix == ".pyi":
                 mode = replace(mode, is_pyi=True)

+            elif src.suffix == ".ipynb":
+                mode = replace(mode, is_ipynb=True)

             if format_stdin_to_stdout(fast=fast, write_back=write_back, mode=mode):
                 changed = Changed.YES
         else:
             if format_stdin_to_stdout(fast=fast, write_back=write_back, mode=mode):
                 changed = Changed.YES
         else:


@@ -554,12 +656,17 @@ def reformat_one(
 
 
 def reformat_many(
 
 
 def reformat_many(

-    sources: Set[Path], fast: bool, write_back: WriteBack, mode: Mode, report: "Report"
+    sources: Set[Path],
+    fast: bool,
+    write_back: WriteBack,
+    mode: Mode,
+    report: "Report",
+    workers: Optional[int],

 ) -> None:
     """Reformat multiple files using a ProcessPoolExecutor."""
     executor: Executor
     loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
 ) -> None:
     """Reformat multiple files using a ProcessPoolExecutor."""
     executor: Executor
     loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()

-    worker_count = os.cpu_count()
+    worker_count = workers if workers is not None else DEFAULT_WORKERS

     if sys.platform == "win32":
         # Work around https://bugs.python.org/issue26903
         worker_count = min(worker_count, 60)
     if sys.platform == "win32":
         # Work around https://bugs.python.org/issue26903
         worker_count = min(worker_count, 60)


@@ -676,6 +783,8 @@ def format_file_in_place(
     """
     if src.suffix == ".pyi":
         mode = replace(mode, is_pyi=True)
     """
     if src.suffix == ".pyi":
         mode = replace(mode, is_pyi=True)

+    elif src.suffix == ".ipynb":
+        mode = replace(mode, is_ipynb=True)

 
     then = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(src.stat().st_mtime)
     with open(src, "rb") as buf:
 
     then = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(src.stat().st_mtime)
     with open(src, "rb") as buf:


@@ -684,6 +793,10 @@ def format_file_in_place(
         dst_contents = format_file_contents(src_contents, fast=fast, mode=mode)
     except NothingChanged:
         return False
         dst_contents = format_file_contents(src_contents, fast=fast, mode=mode)
     except NothingChanged:
         return False

+    except JSONDecodeError:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"File '{src}' cannot be parsed as valid Jupyter notebook."
+        ) from None

 
     if write_back == WriteBack.YES:
         with open(src, "w", encoding=encoding, newline=newline) as f:
 
     if write_back == WriteBack.YES:
         with open(src, "w", encoding=encoding, newline=newline) as f:


@@ -692,7 +805,10 @@ def format_file_in_place(
         now = datetime.utcnow()
         src_name = f"{src}\t{then} +0000"
         dst_name = f"{src}\t{now} +0000"
         now = datetime.utcnow()
         src_name = f"{src}\t{then} +0000"
         dst_name = f"{src}\t{now} +0000"

-        diff_contents = diff(src_contents, dst_contents, src_name, dst_name)
+        if mode.is_ipynb:
+            diff_contents = ipynb_diff(src_contents, dst_contents, src_name, dst_name)
+        else:
+            diff_contents = diff(src_contents, dst_contents, src_name, dst_name)

 
         if write_back == WriteBack.COLOR_DIFF:
             diff_contents = color_diff(diff_contents)
 
         if write_back == WriteBack.COLOR_DIFF:
             diff_contents = color_diff(diff_contents)


@@ -712,16 +828,27 @@ def format_file_in_place(
 
 
 def format_stdin_to_stdout(
 
 
 def format_stdin_to_stdout(

-    fast: bool, *, write_back: WriteBack = WriteBack.NO, mode: Mode
+    fast: bool,
+    *,
+    content: Optional[str] = None,
+    write_back: WriteBack = WriteBack.NO,
+    mode: Mode,

 ) -> bool:
     """Format file on stdin. Return True if changed.
 
 ) -> bool:
     """Format file on stdin. Return True if changed.
 

+    If content is None, it's read from sys.stdin.
+

     If `write_back` is YES, write reformatted code back to stdout. If it is DIFF,
     write a diff to stdout. The `mode` argument is passed to
     :func:`format_file_contents`.
     """
     then = datetime.utcnow()
     If `write_back` is YES, write reformatted code back to stdout. If it is DIFF,
     write a diff to stdout. The `mode` argument is passed to
     :func:`format_file_contents`.
     """
     then = datetime.utcnow()

-    src, encoding, newline = decode_bytes(sys.stdin.buffer.read())
+
+    if content is None:
+        src, encoding, newline = decode_bytes(sys.stdin.buffer.read())
+    else:
+        src, encoding, newline = content, "utf-8", ""
+

     dst = src
     try:
         dst = format_file_contents(src, fast=fast, mode=mode)
     dst = src
     try:
         dst = format_file_contents(src, fast=fast, mode=mode)


@@ -735,6 +862,9 @@ def format_stdin_to_stdout(
             sys.stdout.buffer, encoding=encoding, newline=newline, write_through=True
         )
         if write_back == WriteBack.YES:
             sys.stdout.buffer, encoding=encoding, newline=newline, write_through=True
         )
         if write_back == WriteBack.YES:

+            # Make sure there's a newline after the content
+            if dst and dst[-1] != "\n":
+                dst += "\n"

             f.write(dst)
         elif write_back in (WriteBack.DIFF, WriteBack.COLOR_DIFF):
             now = datetime.utcnow()
             f.write(dst)
         elif write_back in (WriteBack.DIFF, WriteBack.COLOR_DIFF):
             now = datetime.utcnow()


@@ -748,6 +878,29 @@ def format_stdin_to_stdout(
         f.detach()
 
 
         f.detach()
 
 

+def check_stability_and_equivalence(
+    src_contents: str, dst_contents: str, *, mode: Mode
+) -> None:
+    """Perform stability and equivalence checks.
+
+    Raise AssertionError if source and destination contents are not
+    equivalent, or if a second pass of the formatter would format the
+    content differently.
+    """
+    assert_equivalent(src_contents, dst_contents)
+
+    # Forced second pass to work around optional trailing commas (becoming
+    # forced trailing commas on pass 2) interacting differently with optional
+    # parentheses.  Admittedly ugly.
+    dst_contents_pass2 = format_str(dst_contents, mode=mode)
+    if dst_contents != dst_contents_pass2:
+        dst_contents = dst_contents_pass2
+        assert_equivalent(src_contents, dst_contents, pass_num=2)
+        assert_stable(src_contents, dst_contents, mode=mode)
+    # Note: no need to explicitly call `assert_stable` if `dst_contents` was
+    # the same as `dst_contents_pass2`.
+
+

 def format_file_contents(src_contents: str, *, fast: bool, mode: Mode) -> FileContent:
     """Reformat contents of a file and return new contents.
 
 def format_file_contents(src_contents: str, *, fast: bool, mode: Mode) -> FileContent:
     """Reformat contents of a file and return new contents.
 


@@ -758,26 +911,116 @@ def format_file_contents(src_contents: str, *, fast: bool, mode: Mode) -> FileCo
     if not src_contents.strip():
         raise NothingChanged
 
     if not src_contents.strip():
         raise NothingChanged
 

-    dst_contents = format_str(src_contents, mode=mode)
+    if mode.is_ipynb:
+        dst_contents = format_ipynb_string(src_contents, fast=fast, mode=mode)
+    else:
+        dst_contents = format_str(src_contents, mode=mode)

     if src_contents == dst_contents:
         raise NothingChanged
 
     if src_contents == dst_contents:
         raise NothingChanged
 

-    if not fast:
-        assert_equivalent(src_contents, dst_contents)
-
-        # Forced second pass to work around optional trailing commas (becoming
-        # forced trailing commas on pass 2) interacting differently with optional
-        # parentheses.  Admittedly ugly.
-        dst_contents_pass2 = format_str(dst_contents, mode=mode)
-        if dst_contents != dst_contents_pass2:
-            dst_contents = dst_contents_pass2
-            assert_equivalent(src_contents, dst_contents, pass_num=2)
-            assert_stable(src_contents, dst_contents, mode=mode)
-        # Note: no need to explicitly call `assert_stable` if `dst_contents` was
-        # the same as `dst_contents_pass2`.
+    if not fast and not mode.is_ipynb:
+        # Jupyter notebooks will already have been checked above.
+        check_stability_and_equivalence(src_contents, dst_contents, mode=mode)

     return dst_contents
 
 
     return dst_contents
 
 

+def validate_cell(src: str) -> None:
+    """Check that cell does not already contain TransformerManager transformations.
+
+    If a cell contains ``!ls``, then it'll be transformed to
+    ``get_ipython().system('ls')``. However, if the cell originally contained
+    ``get_ipython().system('ls')``, then it would get transformed in the same way:
+
+        >>> TransformerManager().transform_cell("get_ipython().system('ls')")
+        "get_ipython().system('ls')\n"
+        >>> TransformerManager().transform_cell("!ls")
+        "get_ipython().system('ls')\n"
+
+    Due to the impossibility of safely roundtripping in such situations, cells
+    containing transformed magics will be ignored.
+    """
+    if any(transformed_magic in src for transformed_magic in TRANSFORMED_MAGICS):
+        raise NothingChanged
+
+
+def format_cell(src: str, *, fast: bool, mode: Mode) -> str:
+    """Format code in given cell of Jupyter notebook.
+
+    General idea is:
+
+      - if cell has trailing semicolon, remove it;
+      - if cell has IPython magics, mask them;
+      - format cell;
+      - reinstate IPython magics;
+      - reinstate trailing semicolon (if originally present);
+      - strip trailing newlines.
+
+    Cells with syntax errors will not be processed, as they
+    could potentially be automagics or multi-line magics, which
+    are currently not supported.
+    """
+    validate_cell(src)
+    src_without_trailing_semicolon, has_trailing_semicolon = remove_trailing_semicolon(
+        src
+    )
+    try:
+        masked_src, replacements = mask_cell(src_without_trailing_semicolon)
+    except SyntaxError:
+        raise NothingChanged from None
+    masked_dst = format_str(masked_src, mode=mode)
+    if not fast:
+        check_stability_and_equivalence(masked_src, masked_dst, mode=mode)
+    dst_without_trailing_semicolon = unmask_cell(masked_dst, replacements)
+    dst = put_trailing_semicolon_back(
+        dst_without_trailing_semicolon, has_trailing_semicolon
+    )
+    dst = dst.rstrip("\n")
+    if dst == src:
+        raise NothingChanged from None
+    return dst
+
+
+def validate_metadata(nb: MutableMapping[str, Any]) -> None:
+    """If notebook is marked as non-Python, don't format it.
+
+    All notebook metadata fields are optional, see
+    https://nbformat.readthedocs.io/en/latest/format_description.html. So
+    if a notebook has empty metadata, we will try to parse it anyway.
+    """
+    language = nb.get("metadata", {}).get("language_info", {}).get("name", None)
+    if language is not None and language != "python":
+        raise NothingChanged from None
+
+
+def format_ipynb_string(src_contents: str, *, fast: bool, mode: Mode) -> FileContent:
+    """Format Jupyter notebook.
+
+    Operate cell-by-cell, only on code cells, only for Python notebooks.
+    If the ``.ipynb`` originally had a trailing newline, it'll be preserved.
+    """
+    trailing_newline = src_contents[-1] == "\n"
+    modified = False
+    nb = json.loads(src_contents)
+    validate_metadata(nb)
+    for cell in nb["cells"]:
+        if cell.get("cell_type", None) == "code":
+            try:
+                src = "".join(cell["source"])
+                dst = format_cell(src, fast=fast, mode=mode)
+            except NothingChanged:
+                pass
+            else:
+                cell["source"] = dst.splitlines(keepends=True)
+                modified = True
+    if modified:
+        dst_contents = json.dumps(nb, indent=1, ensure_ascii=False)
+        if trailing_newline:
+            dst_contents = dst_contents + "\n"
+        return dst_contents
+    else:
+        raise NothingChanged
+
+

 def format_str(src_contents: str, *, mode: Mode) -> FileContent:
     """Reformat a string and return new contents.
 
 def format_str(src_contents: str, *, mode: Mode) -> FileContent:
     """Reformat a string and return new contents.
 


@@ -880,7 +1123,11 @@ def get_features_used(node: Node) -> Set[Feature]:
                 features.add(Feature.NUMERIC_UNDERSCORES)
 
         elif n.type == token.SLASH:
                 features.add(Feature.NUMERIC_UNDERSCORES)
 
         elif n.type == token.SLASH:

-            if n.parent and n.parent.type in {syms.typedargslist, syms.arglist}:
+            if n.parent and n.parent.type in {
+                syms.typedargslist,
+                syms.arglist,
+                syms.varargslist,
+            }:

                 features.add(Feature.POS_ONLY_ARGUMENTS)
 
         elif n.type == token.COLONEQUAL:
                 features.add(Feature.POS_ONLY_ARGUMENTS)
 
         elif n.type == token.COLONEQUAL:


@@ -978,9 +1225,8 @@ def assert_equivalent(src: str, dst: str, *, pass_num: int = 1) -> None:
         src_ast = parse_ast(src)
     except Exception as exc:
         raise AssertionError(
         src_ast = parse_ast(src)
     except Exception as exc:
         raise AssertionError(

-            "cannot use --safe with this file; failed to parse source file.  AST"
-            f" error message: {exc}"
-        )
+            "cannot use --safe with this file; failed to parse source file."
+        ) from exc

 
     try:
         dst_ast = parse_ast(dst)
 
     try:
         dst_ast = parse_ast(dst)


@@ -1029,7 +1275,7 @@ def nullcontext() -> Iterator[None]:
 
 
 def patch_click() -> None:
 
 
 def patch_click() -> None:

-    """Make Click not crash.
+    """Make Click not crash on Python 3.6 with LANG=C.

 
     On certain misconfigured environments, Python 3 selects the ASCII encoding as the
     default which restricts paths that it can access during the lifetime of the
 
     On certain misconfigured environments, Python 3 selects the ASCII encoding as the
     default which restricts paths that it can access during the lifetime of the


@@ -1041,16 +1287,19 @@ def patch_click() -> None:
     """
     try:
         from click import core
     """
     try:
         from click import core

-        from click import _unicodefun  # type: ignore
+        from click import _unicodefun

     except ModuleNotFoundError:
         return
 
     for module in (core, _unicodefun):
         if hasattr(module, "_verify_python3_env"):
     except ModuleNotFoundError:
         return
 
     for module in (core, _unicodefun):
         if hasattr(module, "_verify_python3_env"):

-            module._verify_python3_env = lambda: None
+            module._verify_python3_env = lambda: None  # type: ignore
+        if hasattr(module, "_verify_python_env"):
+            module._verify_python_env = lambda: None  # type: ignore

 
 
 def patched_main() -> None:
 
 
 def patched_main() -> None:

+    maybe_install_uvloop()

     freeze_support()
     patch_click()
     main()
     freeze_support()
     patch_click()
     main()