All patches and comments are welcome. Please squash your changes to logical
commits before using git-format-patch and git-send-email to
patches@git.madduck.net.
If you'd read over the Git project's submission guidelines and adhered to them,
I'd be especially grateful.
1 *snipMate.txt* Plugin for using TextMate-style snippets in Vim.
3 snipMate *snippet* *snippets* *snipMate*
4 Last Change: July 13, 2009
6 |snipMate-description| Description
7 |snipMate-syntax| Snippet syntax
9 |snipMate-settings| Settings
10 |snipMate-features| Features
11 |snipMate-disadvantages| Disadvantages to TextMate
12 |snipMate-contact| Contact
14 For Vim version 7.0 or later.
15 This plugin only works if 'compatible' is not set.
16 {Vi does not have any of these features.}
18 ==============================================================================
19 DESCRIPTION *snipMate-description*
21 snipMate.vim implements some of TextMate's snippets features in Vim. A
22 snippet is a piece of often-typed text that you can insert into your
23 document using a trigger word followed by a <tab>.
25 For instance, in a C file using the default installation of snipMate.vim, if
26 you type "for<tab>" in insert mode, it will expand a typical for loop in C: >
28 for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
33 To go to the next item in the loop, simply <tab> over to it; if there is
34 repeated code, such as the "i" variable in this example, you can simply
35 start typing once it's highlighted and all the matches specified in the
36 snippet will be updated. To go in reverse, use <shift-tab>.
38 ==============================================================================
39 SYNTAX *snippet-syntax*
41 Snippets can be defined in two ways. They can be in their own file, named
42 after their trigger in 'snippets/<filetype>/<trigger>.snippet', or they can be
43 defined together in a 'snippets/<filetype>.snippets' file. Note that dotted
44 'filetype' syntax is supported -- e.g., you can use >
48 to activate snippets for both HTML and eRuby for the current file.
50 The syntax for snippets in *.snippets files is the following: >
56 Note that the first hard tab after the snippet trigger is required, and not
57 expanded in the actual snippet. The syntax for *.snippet files is the same,
58 only without the trigger declaration and starting indentation.
60 Also note that snippets must be defined using hard tabs. They can be expanded
61 to spaces later if desired (see |snipMate-indenting|).
63 "#" is used as a line-comment character in *.snippets files; however, they can
64 only be used outside of a snippet declaration. E.g.: >
66 # this is a correct comment
69 snippet another_trigger
70 # this isn't a comment!
73 This should hopefully be obvious with the included syntax highlighting.
78 By default, the cursor is placed at the end of a snippet. To specify where the
79 cursor is to be placed next, use "${#}", where the # is the number of the tab
80 stop. E.g., to place the cursor first on the id of a <div> tag, and then allow
81 the user to press <tab> to go to the middle of it:
88 *snipMate-placeholders* *snipMate-${#:}* *snipMate-$#*
91 Placeholder text can be supplied using "${#:text}", where # is the number of
92 the tab stop. This text then can be copied throughout the snippet using "$#",
93 given # is the same number as used before. So, to make a C for loop: >
96 for (${2:i}; $2 < ${1:count}; $1++) {
100 This will cause "count" to first be selected and change if the user starts
101 typing. When <tab> is pressed, the "i" in ${2}'s position will be selected;
102 all $2 variables will default to "i" and automatically be updated if the user
104 NOTE: "$#" syntax is used only for variables, not for tab stops as in TextMate.
106 Variables within variables are also possible. For instance: >
109 <option value="${1:option}">${2:$1}</option>
111 Will, as usual, cause "option" to first be selected and update all the $1
112 variables if the user starts typing. Since one of these variables is inside of
113 ${2}, this text will then be used as a placeholder for the next tab stop,
114 allowing the user to change it if he wishes.
116 To copy a value throughout a snippet without supplying default text, simply
117 use the "${#:}" construct without the text; e.g.: >
121 < *snipMate-commands*
122 Interpolated Vim Script ~
124 Snippets can also contain Vim script commands that are executed (via |eval()|)
125 when the snippet is inserted. Commands are given inside backticks (`...`); for
126 TextMates's functionality, use the |system()| function. E.g.: >
129 `system("date +%Y-%m-%d")`
131 will insert the current date, assuming you are on a Unix system. Note that you
132 can also (and should) use |strftime()| for this example.
134 Filename([{expr}] [, {defaultText}]) *snipMate-filename* *Filename()*
136 Since the current filename is used often in snippets, a default function
137 has been defined for it in snipMate.vim, appropriately called Filename().
139 With no arguments, the default filename without an extension is returned;
140 the first argument specifies what to place before or after the filename,
141 and the second argument supplies the default text to be used if the file
142 has not been named. "$1" in the first argument is replaced with the filename;
143 if you only want the filename to be returned, the first argument can be left
148 snippet filename_with_default
149 `Filename('', 'name')`
153 The first example returns the filename if it the file has been named, and an
154 empty string if it hasn't. The second returns the filename if it's been named,
155 and "name" if it hasn't. The third returns the filename followed by "_foo" if
156 it has been named, and an empty string if it hasn't.
159 To specify that a snippet can have multiple matches in a *.snippets file, use
162 snippet trigger A description of snippet #1
164 snippet trigger A description of snippet #2
167 In this example, when "trigger<tab>" is typed, a numbered menu containing all
168 of the descriptions of the "trigger" will be shown; when the user presses the
169 corresponding number, that snippet will then be expanded.
171 To create a snippet with multiple matches using *.snippet files,
172 simply place all the snippets in a subdirectory with the trigger name:
173 'snippets/<filetype>/<trigger>/<name>.snippet'.
175 ==============================================================================
176 USAGE *snipMate-usage*
178 *'snippets'* *g:snippets_dir*
179 Snippets are by default looked for any 'snippets' directory in your
180 'runtimepath'. Typically, it is located at '~/.vim/snippets/' on *nix or
181 '$HOME\vimfiles\snippets\' on Windows. To change that location or add another
182 one, change the g:snippets_dir variable in your |.vimrc| to your preferred
183 directory, or use the |ExtractSnips()|function. This will be used by the
184 |globpath()| function, and so accepts the same syntax as it (e.g.,
185 comma-separated paths).
187 ExtractSnipsFile({directory}, {filetype}) *ExtractSnipsFile()* *.snippets*
189 ExtractSnipsFile() extracts the specified *.snippets file for the given
190 filetype. A .snippets file contains multiple snippet declarations for the
191 filetype. It is further explained above, in |snippet-syntax|.
193 ExtractSnips({directory}, {filetype}) *ExtractSnips()* *.snippet*
195 ExtractSnips() extracts *.snippet files from the specified directory and
196 defines them as snippets for the given filetype. The directory tree should
197 look like this: 'snippets/<filetype>/<trigger>.snippet'. If the snippet has
198 multiple matches, it should look like this:
199 'snippets/<filetype>/<trigger>/<name>.snippet' (see |multi_snip|).
202 The ResetSnippets() function removes all snippets from memory. This is useful
203 to put at the top of a snippet setup file for if you would like to |:source|
206 *list-snippets* *i_CTRL-R_<Tab>*
207 If you would like to see what snippets are available, simply type <c-r><tab>
208 in the current buffer to show a list via |popupmenu-completion|.
210 ==============================================================================
211 SETTINGS *snipMate-settings* *g:snips_author*
213 The g:snips_author string (similar to $TM_FULLNAME in TextMate) should be set
214 to your name; it can then be used in snippets to automatically add it. E.g.: >
216 let g:snips_author = 'Hubert Farnsworth'
220 *snipMate-expandtab* *snipMate-indenting*
221 If you would like your snippets to be expanded using spaces instead of tabs,
222 just enable 'expandtab' and set 'softtabstop' to your preferred amount of
223 spaces. If 'softtabstop' is not set, 'shiftwidth' is used instead.
226 snipMate does not come with a setting to customize the trigger key, but you
227 can remap it easily in the two lines it's defined in the 'after' directory
228 under 'plugin/snipMate.vim'. For instance, to change the trigger key
229 to CTRL-J, just change this: >
231 ino <tab> <c-r>=TriggerSnippet()<cr>
232 snor <tab> <esc>i<right><c-r>=TriggerSnippet()<cr>
235 ino <c-j> <c-r>=TriggerSnippet()<cr>
236 snor <c-j> <esc>i<right><c-r>=TriggerSnippet()<cr>
238 ==============================================================================
239 FEATURES *snipMate-features*
241 snipMate.vim has the following features among others:
242 - The syntax of snippets is very similar to TextMate's, allowing
244 - The position of the snippet is kept transparently (i.e. it does not use
245 markers/placeholders written to the buffer), which allows you to escape
246 out of an incomplete snippet, something particularly useful in Vim.
247 - Variables in snippets are updated as-you-type.
248 - Snippets can have multiple matches.
249 - Snippets can be out of order. For instance, in a do...while loop, the
250 condition can be added before the code.
251 - [New] File-based snippets are supported.
252 - [New] Triggers after non-word delimiters are expanded, e.g. "foo"
254 - [New] <shift-tab> can now be used to jump tab stops in reverse order.
256 ==============================================================================
257 DISADVANTAGES *snipMate-disadvantages*
259 snipMate.vim currently has the following disadvantages to TextMate's snippets:
260 - There is no $0; the order of tab stops must be explicitly stated.
261 - Placeholders within placeholders are not possible. E.g.: >
263 '<div${1: id="${2:some_id}}">${3}</div>'
265 In TextMate this would first highlight ' id="some_id"', and if
266 you hit delete it would automatically skip ${2} and go to ${3}
267 on the next <tab>, but if you didn't delete it it would highlight
268 "some_id" first. You cannot do this in snipMate.vim.
269 - Regex cannot be performed on variables, such as "${1/.*/\U&}"
270 - Placeholders cannot span multiple lines.
271 - Activating snippets in different scopes of the same file is
274 Perhaps some of these features will be added in a later release.
276 ==============================================================================
277 CONTACT *snipMate-contact* *snipMate-author*
279 To contact the author (Michael Sanders), please email:
280 msanders42+snipmate <at> gmail <dot> com
282 I greatly appreciate any suggestions or improvements offered for the script.
284 ==============================================================================
286 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: