All patches and comments are welcome. Please squash your changes to logical
commits before using git-format-patch and git-send-email to
patches@git.madduck.net.
If you'd read over the Git project's submission guidelines and adhered to them,
I'd be especially grateful.
5 Options include the following:
7 - [wbolster/emacs-python-black](https://github.com/wbolster/emacs-python-black)
8 - [proofit404/blacken](https://github.com/pythonic-emacs/blacken)
9 - [Elpy](https://github.com/jorgenschaefer/elpy).
11 ## PyCharm/IntelliJ IDEA
19 1. Locate your `black` installation folder.
21 On macOS / Linux / BSD:
25 /usr/local/bin/black # possible location
32 %LocalAppData%\Programs\Python\Python36-32\Scripts\black.exe # possible location
35 Note that if you are using a virtual environment detected by PyCharm, this is an
36 unneeded step. In this case the path to `black` is `$PyInterpreterDirectory$/black`.
38 1. Open External tools in PyCharm/IntelliJ IDEA
42 `PyCharm -> Preferences -> Tools -> External Tools`
44 On Windows / Linux / BSD:
46 `File -> Settings -> Tools -> External Tools`
48 1. Click the + icon to add a new external tool with the following values:
51 - Description: Black is the uncompromising Python code formatter.
52 - Program: \<install_location_from_step_2>
53 - Arguments: `"$FilePath$"`
55 1. Format the currently opened file by selecting `Tools -> External Tools -> black`.
57 - Alternatively, you can set a keyboard shortcut by navigating to
58 `Preferences or Settings -> Keymap -> External Tools -> External Tools - Black`.
60 1. Optionally, run _Black_ on every file save:
62 1. Make sure you have the
63 [File Watchers](https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/7177-file-watchers) plugin
65 1. Go to `Preferences or Settings -> Tools -> File Watchers` and click `+` to add a
69 - Scope: Project Files
70 - Program: \<install_location_from_step_2>
71 - Arguments: `$FilePath$`
72 - Output paths to refresh: `$FilePath$`
73 - Working directory: `$ProjectFileDir$`
76 - Uncheck "Auto-save edited files to trigger the watcher"
77 - Uncheck "Trigger the watcher on external changes"
81 Wing supports black via the OS Commands tool, as explained in the Wing documentation on
82 [pep8 formatting](https://wingware.com/doc/edit/pep8). The detailed procedure is:
90 1. Make sure it runs from the command line, e.g.
96 1. In Wing IDE, activate the **OS Commands** panel and define the command **black** to
97 execute black on the currently selected file:
99 - Use the Tools -> OS Commands menu selection
100 - click on **+** in **OS Commands** -> New: Command line..
102 - Command Line: black %s
103 - I/O Encoding: Use Default
105 - [x] Raise OS Commands when executed
106 - [x] Auto-save files before execution
109 1. Select a file in the editor and press **F1** , or whatever key binding you selected
110 in step 3, to reformat the file.
116 Commands and shortcuts:
118 - `:Black` to format the entire file (ranges not supported);
119 - you can optionally pass `target_version=<version>` with the same values as in the
121 - `:BlackUpgrade` to upgrade _Black_ inside the virtualenv;
122 - `:BlackVersion` to get the current version of _Black_ inside the virtualenv.
126 - `g:black_fast` (defaults to `0`)
127 - `g:black_linelength` (defaults to `88`)
128 - `g:black_skip_string_normalization` (defaults to `0`)
129 - `g:black_virtualenv` (defaults to `~/.vim/black` or `~/.local/share/nvim/black`)
130 - `g:black_quiet` (defaults to `0`)
132 To install with [vim-plug](https://github.com/junegunn/vim-plug):
135 Plug 'psf/black', { 'branch': 'stable' }
138 or with [Vundle](https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim):
144 and execute the following in a terminal:
147 $ cd ~/.vim/bundle/black
148 $ git checkout origin/stable -b stable
151 or you can copy the plugin files from
152 [plugin/black.vim](https://github.com/psf/black/blob/stable/plugin/black.vim) and
153 [autoload/black.vim](https://github.com/psf/black/blob/stable/autoload/black.vim).
156 mkdir -p ~/.vim/pack/python/start/black/plugin
157 mkdir -p ~/.vim/pack/python/start/black/autoload
158 curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psf/black/stable/plugin/black.vim -o ~/.vim/pack/python/start/black/plugin/black.vim
159 curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psf/black/stable/autoload/black.vim -o ~/.vim/pack/python/start/black/autoload/black.vim
162 Let me know if this requires any changes to work with Vim 8's builtin `packadd`, or
165 This plugin **requires Vim 7.0+ built with Python 3.6+ support**. It needs Python 3.6 to
166 be able to run _Black_ inside the Vim process which is much faster than calling an
169 On first run, the plugin creates its own virtualenv using the right Python version and
170 automatically installs _Black_. You can upgrade it later by calling `:BlackUpgrade` and
173 If you need to do anything special to make your virtualenv work and install _Black_ (for
174 example you want to run a version from main), create a virtualenv manually and point
175 `g:black_virtualenv` to it. The plugin will use it.
177 To run _Black_ on save, add the following line to `.vimrc` or `init.vim`:
180 autocmd BufWritePre *.py execute ':Black'
183 To run _Black_ on a key press (e.g. F9 below), add this:
186 nnoremap <F9> :Black<CR>
189 **How to get Vim with Python 3.6?** On Ubuntu 17.10 Vim comes with Python 3.6 by
190 default. On macOS with Homebrew run: `brew install vim`. When building Vim from source,
191 use: `./configure --enable-python3interp=yes`. There's many guides online how to do
194 **I get an import error when using _Black_ from a virtual environment**: If you get an
195 error message like this:
198 Traceback (most recent call last):
199 File "<string>", line 63, in <module>
200 File "/home/gui/.vim/black/lib/python3.7/site-packages/black.py", line 45, in <module>
201 from typed_ast import ast3, ast27
202 File "/home/gui/.vim/black/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typed_ast/ast3.py", line 40, in <module>
203 from typed_ast import _ast3
204 ImportError: /home/gui/.vim/black/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typed_ast/_ast3.cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so: undefined symbool: PyExc_KeyboardInterrupt
207 Then you need to install `typed_ast` directly from the source code. The error happens
208 because `pip` will download [Python wheels](https://pythonwheels.com/) if they are
209 available. Python wheels are a new standard of distributing Python packages and packages
210 that have Cython and extensions written in C are already compiled, so the installation
211 is much more faster. The problem here is that somehow the Python environment inside Vim
212 does not match with those already compiled C extensions and these kind of errors are the
213 result. Luckily there is an easy fix: installing the packages from the source code.
215 The package that causes problems is:
217 - [typed-ast](https://pypi.org/project/typed-ast/)
219 Now remove those two packages:
222 $ pip uninstall typed-ast -y
225 And now you can install them with:
228 $ pip install --no-binary :all: typed-ast
231 The C extensions will be compiled and now Vim's Python environment will match. Note that
232 you need to have the GCC compiler and the Python development files installed (on
233 Ubuntu/Debian do `sudo apt-get install build-essential python3-dev`).
235 If you later want to update _Black_, you should do it like this:
238 $ pip install -U black --no-binary typed-ast
243 1. Install [`ale`](https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale)
247 1. Add this to your vimrc:
250 let g:ale_fixers = {}
251 let g:ale_fixers.python = ['black']
256 gedit is the default text editor of the GNOME, Unix like Operating Systems. Open gedit
263 1. `Go to edit > preferences > plugins`
264 1. Search for `external tools` and activate it.
265 1. In `Tools menu -> Manage external tools`
266 1. Add a new tool using `+` button.
267 1. Copy the below content to the code window.
271 Name=$GEDIT_CURRENT_DOCUMENT_NAME
275 - Set a keyboard shortcut if you like, Ex. `ctrl-B`
278 - Output: `Display in bottom pane` if you like.
279 - Change the name of the tool if you like.
281 Use your keyboard shortcut or `Tools -> External Tools` to use your new tool. When you
282 close and reopen your File, _Black_ will be done with its job.
284 ## Visual Studio Code
287 [Python extension](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ms-python.python)
288 ([instructions](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/python/editing#_formatting)).
292 Use [sublack plugin](https://github.com/jgirardet/sublack).
296 If your editor supports the [Language Server Protocol](https://langserver.org/) (Atom,
297 Sublime Text, Visual Studio Code and many more), you can use the
298 [Python LSP Server](https://github.com/python-lsp/python-lsp-server) with the
299 [python-lsp-black](https://github.com/python-lsp/python-lsp-black) plugin.
303 Use [python-black](https://atom.io/packages/python-black) or
304 [formatters-python](https://atom.io/packages/formatters-python).
306 ## Gradle (the build tool)
308 Use the [Spotless](https://github.com/diffplug/spotless/tree/main/plugin-gradle) plugin.
312 Add the following hook to your kakrc, then run _Black_ with `:format`.
315 hook global WinSetOption filetype=python %{
316 set-option window formatcmd 'black -q -'
322 Use [Thonny-black-code-format](https://github.com/Franccisco/thonny-black-code-format).