All patches and comments are welcome. Please squash your changes to logical
commits before using git-format-patch and git-send-email to
patches@git.madduck.net.
If you'd read over the Git project's submission guidelines and adhered to them,
I'd be especially grateful.
5 Options include the following:
7 - [wbolster/emacs-python-black](https://github.com/wbolster/emacs-python-black)
8 - [proofit404/blacken](https://github.com/pythonic-emacs/blacken)
9 - [Elpy](https://github.com/jorgenschaefer/elpy).
11 ## PyCharm/IntelliJ IDEA
19 1. Locate your `black` installation folder.
21 On macOS / Linux / BSD:
25 /usr/local/bin/black # possible location
32 %LocalAppData%\Programs\Python\Python36-32\Scripts\black.exe # possible location
35 Note that if you are using a virtual environment detected by PyCharm, this is an
36 unneeded step. In this case the path to `black` is `$PyInterpreterDirectory$/black`.
38 1. Open External tools in PyCharm/IntelliJ IDEA
42 `PyCharm -> Preferences -> Tools -> External Tools`
44 On Windows / Linux / BSD:
46 `File -> Settings -> Tools -> External Tools`
48 1. Click the + icon to add a new external tool with the following values:
51 - Description: Black is the uncompromising Python code formatter.
52 - Program: \<install_location_from_step_2>
53 - Arguments: `"$FilePath$"`
55 1. Format the currently opened file by selecting `Tools -> External Tools -> black`.
57 - Alternatively, you can set a keyboard shortcut by navigating to
58 `Preferences or Settings -> Keymap -> External Tools -> External Tools - Black`.
60 1. Optionally, run _Black_ on every file save:
62 1. Make sure you have the
63 [File Watchers](https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/7177-file-watchers) plugin
65 1. Go to `Preferences or Settings -> Tools -> File Watchers` and click `+` to add a
69 - Scope: Project Files
70 - Program: \<install_location_from_step_2>
71 - Arguments: `$FilePath$`
72 - Output paths to refresh: `$FilePath$`
73 - Working directory: `$ProjectFileDir$`
76 - Uncheck "Auto-save edited files to trigger the watcher"
77 - Uncheck "Trigger the watcher on external changes"
81 Wing supports black via the OS Commands tool, as explained in the Wing documentation on
82 [pep8 formatting](https://wingware.com/doc/edit/pep8). The detailed procedure is:
90 1. Make sure it runs from the command line, e.g.
96 1. In Wing IDE, activate the **OS Commands** panel and define the command **black** to
97 execute black on the currently selected file:
99 - Use the Tools -> OS Commands menu selection
100 - click on **+** in **OS Commands** -> New: Command line..
102 - Command Line: black %s
103 - I/O Encoding: Use Default
105 - [x] Raise OS Commands when executed
106 - [x] Auto-save files before execution
109 1. Select a file in the editor and press **F1** , or whatever key binding you selected
110 in step 3, to reformat the file.
116 Commands and shortcuts:
118 - `:Black` to format the entire file (ranges not supported);
119 - `:BlackUpgrade` to upgrade _Black_ inside the virtualenv;
120 - `:BlackVersion` to get the current version of _Black_ inside the virtualenv.
124 - `g:black_fast` (defaults to `0`)
125 - `g:black_linelength` (defaults to `88`)
126 - `g:black_skip_string_normalization` (defaults to `0`)
127 - `g:black_virtualenv` (defaults to `~/.vim/black` or `~/.local/share/nvim/black`)
128 - `g:black_quiet` (defaults to `0`)
130 To install with [vim-plug](https://github.com/junegunn/vim-plug):
133 Plug 'psf/black', { 'branch': 'stable' }
136 or with [Vundle](https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim):
142 and execute the following in a terminal:
145 $ cd ~/.vim/bundle/black
146 $ git checkout origin/stable -b stable
149 or you can copy the plugin files from
150 [plugin/black.vim](https://github.com/psf/black/blob/stable/plugin/black.vim) and
151 [autoload/black.vim](https://github.com/psf/black/blob/stable/autoload/black.vim).
154 mkdir -p ~/.vim/pack/python/start/black/plugin
155 mkdir -p ~/.vim/pack/python/start/black/autoload
156 curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psf/black/stable/plugin/black.vim -o ~/.vim/pack/python/start/black/plugin/black.vim
157 curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psf/black/stable/autoload/black.vim -o ~/.vim/pack/python/start/black/autoload/black.vim
160 Let me know if this requires any changes to work with Vim 8's builtin `packadd`, or
163 This plugin **requires Vim 7.0+ built with Python 3.6+ support**. It needs Python 3.6 to
164 be able to run _Black_ inside the Vim process which is much faster than calling an
167 On first run, the plugin creates its own virtualenv using the right Python version and
168 automatically installs _Black_. You can upgrade it later by calling `:BlackUpgrade` and
171 If you need to do anything special to make your virtualenv work and install _Black_ (for
172 example you want to run a version from main), create a virtualenv manually and point
173 `g:black_virtualenv` to it. The plugin will use it.
175 To run _Black_ on save, add the following line to `.vimrc` or `init.vim`:
178 autocmd BufWritePre *.py execute ':Black'
181 To run _Black_ on a key press (e.g. F9 below), add this:
184 nnoremap <F9> :Black<CR>
187 **How to get Vim with Python 3.6?** On Ubuntu 17.10 Vim comes with Python 3.6 by
188 default. On macOS with Homebrew run: `brew install vim`. When building Vim from source,
189 use: `./configure --enable-python3interp=yes`. There's many guides online how to do
192 **I get an import error when using _Black_ from a virtual environment**: If you get an
193 error message like this:
196 Traceback (most recent call last):
197 File "<string>", line 63, in <module>
198 File "/home/gui/.vim/black/lib/python3.7/site-packages/black.py", line 45, in <module>
199 from typed_ast import ast3, ast27
200 File "/home/gui/.vim/black/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typed_ast/ast3.py", line 40, in <module>
201 from typed_ast import _ast3
202 ImportError: /home/gui/.vim/black/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typed_ast/_ast3.cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so: undefined symbool: PyExc_KeyboardInterrupt
205 Then you need to install `typed_ast` and `regex` directly from the source code. The
206 error happens because `pip` will download [Python wheels](https://pythonwheels.com/) if
207 they are available. Python wheels are a new standard of distributing Python packages and
208 packages that have Cython and extensions written in C are already compiled, so the
209 installation is much more faster. The problem here is that somehow the Python
210 environment inside Vim does not match with those already compiled C extensions and these
211 kind of errors are the result. Luckily there is an easy fix: installing the packages
212 from the source code.
214 The two packages that cause the problem are:
216 - [regex](https://pypi.org/project/regex/)
217 - [typed-ast](https://pypi.org/project/typed-ast/)
219 Now remove those two packages:
222 $ pip uninstall regex typed-ast -y
225 And now you can install them with:
228 $ pip install --no-binary :all: regex typed-ast
231 The C extensions will be compiled and now Vim's Python environment will match. Note that
232 you need to have the GCC compiler and the Python development files installed (on
233 Ubuntu/Debian do `sudo apt-get install build-essential python3-dev`).
235 If you later want to update _Black_, you should do it like this:
238 $ pip install -U black --no-binary regex,typed-ast
243 1. Install [`ale`](https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale)
247 1. Add this to your vimrc:
250 let g:ale_fixers = {}
251 let g:ale_fixers.python = ['black']
256 gedit is the default text editor of the GNOME, Unix like Operating Systems. Open gedit
263 1. `Go to edit > preferences > plugins`
264 1. Search for `external tools` and activate it.
265 1. In `Tools menu -> Manage external tools`
266 1. Add a new tool using `+` button.
267 1. Copy the below content to the code window.
271 Name=$GEDIT_CURRENT_DOCUMENT_NAME
275 - Set a keyboard shortcut if you like, Ex. `ctrl-B`
278 - Output: `Display in bottom pane` if you like.
279 - Change the name of the tool if you like.
281 Use your keyboard shortcut or `Tools -> External Tools` to use your new tool. When you
282 close and reopen your File, _Black_ will be done with its job.
284 ## Visual Studio Code
287 [Python extension](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ms-python.python)
288 ([instructions](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/python/editing#_formatting)).
292 Use [sublack plugin](https://github.com/jgirardet/sublack).
294 ## Jupyter Notebook Magic
296 Use [blackcellmagic](https://github.com/csurfer/blackcellmagic).
300 If your editor supports the [Language Server Protocol](https://langserver.org/) (Atom,
301 Sublime Text, Visual Studio Code and many more), you can use the
302 [Python LSP Server](https://github.com/python-lsp/python-lsp-server) with the
303 [python-lsp-black](https://github.com/python-lsp/python-lsp-black) plugin.
307 Use [python-black](https://atom.io/packages/python-black) or
308 [formatters-python](https://atom.io/packages/formatters-python).
310 ## Gradle (the build tool)
312 Use the [Spotless](https://github.com/diffplug/spotless/tree/main/plugin-gradle) plugin.
316 Add the following hook to your kakrc, then run _Black_ with `:format`.
319 hook global WinSetOption filetype=python %{
320 set-option window formatcmd 'black -q -'
326 Use [Thonny-black-code-format](https://github.com/Franccisco/thonny-black-code-format).