All patches and comments are welcome. Please squash your changes to logical
commits before using git-format-patch and git-send-email to
patches@git.madduck.net.
If you'd read over the Git project's submission guidelines and adhered to them,
I'd be especially grateful.
5 Options include the following:
7 - [wbolster/emacs-python-black](https://github.com/wbolster/emacs-python-black)
8 - [proofit404/blacken](https://github.com/pythonic-emacs/blacken)
9 - [Elpy](https://github.com/jorgenschaefer/elpy).
11 ## PyCharm/IntelliJ IDEA
19 1. Locate your `black` installation folder.
21 On macOS / Linux / BSD:
25 /usr/local/bin/black # possible location
32 %LocalAppData%\Programs\Python\Python36-32\Scripts\black.exe # possible location
35 Note that if you are using a virtual environment detected by PyCharm, this is an
36 unneeded step. In this case the path to `black` is `$PyInterpreterDirectory$/black`.
38 1. Open External tools in PyCharm/IntelliJ IDEA
42 `PyCharm -> Preferences -> Tools -> External Tools`
44 On Windows / Linux / BSD:
46 `File -> Settings -> Tools -> External Tools`
48 1. Click the + icon to add a new external tool with the following values:
51 - Description: Black is the uncompromising Python code formatter.
52 - Program: \<install_location_from_step_2>
53 - Arguments: `"$FilePath$"`
55 1. Format the currently opened file by selecting `Tools -> External Tools -> black`.
57 - Alternatively, you can set a keyboard shortcut by navigating to
58 `Preferences or Settings -> Keymap -> External Tools -> External Tools - Black`.
60 1. Optionally, run _Black_ on every file save:
62 1. Make sure you have the
63 [File Watchers](https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/7177-file-watchers) plugin
65 1. Go to `Preferences or Settings -> Tools -> File Watchers` and click `+` to add a
69 - Scope: Project Files
70 - Program: \<install_location_from_step_2>
71 - Arguments: `$FilePath$`
72 - Output paths to refresh: `$FilePath$`
73 - Working directory: `$ProjectFileDir$`
76 - Uncheck "Auto-save edited files to trigger the watcher"
77 - Uncheck "Trigger the watcher on external changes"
81 Wing supports black via the OS Commands tool, as explained in the Wing documentation on
82 [pep8 formatting](https://wingware.com/doc/edit/pep8). The detailed procedure is:
90 1. Make sure it runs from the command line, e.g.
96 1. In Wing IDE, activate the **OS Commands** panel and define the command **black** to
97 execute black on the currently selected file:
99 - Use the Tools -> OS Commands menu selection
100 - click on **+** in **OS Commands** -> New: Command line..
102 - Command Line: black %s
103 - I/O Encoding: Use Default
105 - [x] Raise OS Commands when executed
106 - [x] Auto-save files before execution
109 1. Select a file in the editor and press **F1** , or whatever key binding you selected
110 in step 3, to reformat the file.
116 Commands and shortcuts:
118 - `:Black` to format the entire file (ranges not supported);
119 - `:BlackUpgrade` to upgrade _Black_ inside the virtualenv;
120 - `:BlackVersion` to get the current version of _Black_ inside the virtualenv.
124 - `g:black_fast` (defaults to `0`)
125 - `g:black_linelength` (defaults to `88`)
126 - `g:black_skip_string_normalization` (defaults to `0`)
127 - `g:black_virtualenv` (defaults to `~/.vim/black` or `~/.local/share/nvim/black`)
128 - `g:black_quiet` (defaults to `0`)
130 To install with [vim-plug](https://github.com/junegunn/vim-plug):
133 Plug 'psf/black', { 'branch': 'stable' }
136 or with [Vundle](https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim):
142 and execute the following in a terminal:
145 $ cd ~/.vim/bundle/black
146 $ git checkout origin/stable -b stable
149 or you can copy the plugin from
150 [plugin/black.vim](https://github.com/psf/black/blob/stable/plugin/black.vim).
153 mkdir -p ~/.vim/pack/python/start/black/plugin
154 curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psf/black/stable/plugin/black.vim -o ~/.vim/pack/python/start/black/plugin/black.vim
157 Let me know if this requires any changes to work with Vim 8's builtin `packadd`, or
160 This plugin **requires Vim 7.0+ built with Python 3.6+ support**. It needs Python 3.6 to
161 be able to run _Black_ inside the Vim process which is much faster than calling an
164 On first run, the plugin creates its own virtualenv using the right Python version and
165 automatically installs _Black_. You can upgrade it later by calling `:BlackUpgrade` and
168 If you need to do anything special to make your virtualenv work and install _Black_ (for
169 example you want to run a version from main), create a virtualenv manually and point
170 `g:black_virtualenv` to it. The plugin will use it.
172 To run _Black_ on save, add the following line to `.vimrc` or `init.vim`:
175 autocmd BufWritePre *.py execute ':Black'
178 To run _Black_ on a key press (e.g. F9 below), add this:
181 nnoremap <F9> :Black<CR>
184 **How to get Vim with Python 3.6?** On Ubuntu 17.10 Vim comes with Python 3.6 by
185 default. On macOS with Homebrew run: `brew install vim`. When building Vim from source,
186 use: `./configure --enable-python3interp=yes`. There's many guides online how to do
189 **I get an import error when using _Black_ from a virtual environment**: If you get an
190 error message like this:
193 Traceback (most recent call last):
194 File "<string>", line 63, in <module>
195 File "/home/gui/.vim/black/lib/python3.7/site-packages/black.py", line 45, in <module>
196 from typed_ast import ast3, ast27
197 File "/home/gui/.vim/black/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typed_ast/ast3.py", line 40, in <module>
198 from typed_ast import _ast3
199 ImportError: /home/gui/.vim/black/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typed_ast/_ast3.cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so: undefined symbool: PyExc_KeyboardInterrupt
202 Then you need to install `typed_ast` and `regex` directly from the source code. The
203 error happens because `pip` will download [Python wheels](https://pythonwheels.com/) if
204 they are available. Python wheels are a new standard of distributing Python packages and
205 packages that have Cython and extensions written in C are already compiled, so the
206 installation is much more faster. The problem here is that somehow the Python
207 environment inside Vim does not match with those already compiled C extensions and these
208 kind of errors are the result. Luckily there is an easy fix: installing the packages
209 from the source code.
211 The two packages that cause the problem are:
213 - [regex](https://pypi.org/project/regex/)
214 - [typed-ast](https://pypi.org/project/typed-ast/)
216 Now remove those two packages:
219 $ pip uninstall regex typed-ast -y
222 And now you can install them with:
225 $ pip install --no-binary :all: regex typed-ast
228 The C extensions will be compiled and now Vim's Python environment will match. Note that
229 you need to have the GCC compiler and the Python development files installed (on
230 Ubuntu/Debian do `sudo apt-get install build-essential python3-dev`).
232 If you later want to update _Black_, you should do it like this:
235 $ pip install -U black --no-binary regex,typed-ast
240 1. Install [`ale`](https://github.com/dense-analysis/ale)
244 1. Add this to your vimrc:
247 let g:ale_fixers = {}
248 let g:ale_fixers.python = ['black']
253 gedit is the default text editor of the GNOME, Unix like Operating Systems. Open gedit
260 1. `Go to edit > preferences > plugins`
261 1. Search for `external tools` and activate it.
262 1. In `Tools menu -> Manage external tools`
263 1. Add a new tool using `+` button.
264 1. Copy the below content to the code window.
268 Name=$GEDIT_CURRENT_DOCUMENT_NAME
272 - Set a keyboard shortcut if you like, Ex. `ctrl-B`
275 - Output: `Display in bottom pane` if you like.
276 - Change the name of the tool if you like.
278 Use your keyboard shortcut or `Tools -> External Tools` to use your new tool. When you
279 close and reopen your File, _Black_ will be done with its job.
281 ## Visual Studio Code
284 [Python extension](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ms-python.python)
285 ([instructions](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/python/editing#_formatting)).
289 Use [sublack plugin](https://github.com/jgirardet/sublack).
291 ## Jupyter Notebook Magic
293 Use [blackcellmagic](https://github.com/csurfer/blackcellmagic).
295 ## Python Language Server
297 If your editor supports the [Language Server Protocol](https://langserver.org/) (Atom,
298 Sublime Text, Visual Studio Code and many more), you can use the
299 [Python Language Server](https://github.com/palantir/python-language-server) with the
300 [pyls-black](https://github.com/rupert/pyls-black) plugin.
304 Use [python-black](https://atom.io/packages/python-black) or
305 [formatters-python](https://atom.io/packages/formatters-python).
307 ## Gradle (the build tool)
309 Use the [Spotless](https://github.com/diffplug/spotless/tree/main/plugin-gradle) plugin.
313 Add the following hook to your kakrc, then run _Black_ with `:format`.
316 hook global WinSetOption filetype=python %{
317 set-option window formatcmd 'black -q -'
323 Use [Thonny-black-code-format](https://github.com/Franccisco/thonny-black-code-format).